3D modeler, illustrator and artist Peter Pohle created this design.  Although not explicitly identified as the Nautilus, I include it here because it looks like the Nautilus.  The design has only a small pointed ram, but a large, Goff-like raker arch extends from the bow to the forward edge of the raised deck.  The hull has a long dive plane on the side of the bow and a large circular window amidships, flanked by two large but narrow ports.  Small vertical and horizontal fins frame a five-bladed propeller and support a large rudder at the stern. A fairly large keel is visible on the bottom of the hull.  The deck includes a low conning tower aft of what are probably a non-Vernian periscope and snorkel.  There appears to be a small boat at the aft end, very like Goff's.  The original Flash animation is no longer on Peter Pohle's web site so I've included a small capture from it.  

The 2009 Library of Wonder edition of Jules Verne Extraordinary Voyages, published by Falls Press includes Nate Pride's illustrations of the Nautilus.  This design has a sleek spindle hull with double salon windows.  The ram is set high on the bow, and faired into a forward fin.  This fairing extends at the stern into streamlined vertical and horizontal fins.  The low wheelhouse sits just forward of a retractable lantern. 

John Martinez created this classic Nautilus.  The hull is a cylinder, tapered at the ends, with a brutal and massive triangular ram positioned above the centerline.  A rectangular window is set into the lower hull in the approximate salon location per the novel's text and dive planes at the centerline amidships.  There are horizontal fins on the after part of the hull and a large four-bladed prop at the end of the hull.  A rudder is set below the hull aft, although its details are not visible in Martinez' image.  A long, low deck atop the hull amidships has a modest pilothouse with a large circular port forward and two smaller ports on the sides.  In one image its profile is triangular but in another appears trapezoidal.  The launch is located at the center and a forward shining lantern at the aft end.  See a complete image of this Nautilus and another on the surface in John's gallery (as dragonpyper) at DeviantArt.

I don't know who designed this somewhat whimsical Nautilus, exhibited as a working, steam-powered, surface-running, radio-controlled model at the Cabin Fever Expo in York, Pennsylvania in January 2010.  The fishlike design features a spindle hull with fins galore.  There is a small organic, possibly spiral ram at the bow.  A small wheelhouse with two windows is set on the upper hull a good ways forward of the recessed deck.  The deck features a beefy periscope (actually the model's smokestack), railings on each side, and a circular hatch.  The tail fin terminates in the rudder, and there are two pairs of dive planes, one well forward of the circular salon window and the other pair well aft.  A small prop is mounted on the trailing edge of the aft-most ventral fin.  You can see several photos of the model at Vilseskogen's Cabin Fever Expo photo set on .
 

This is William Wardrop's interpretation of the Nautilus from The Secret Sea by Thomas F. Monteleon.  Wardrop says his design is based on Goff's with some features of Harryhausen's Mysterious Island Nautilus and a WW I U-Boat.  The submarine is richly riveted, much more heavily than the Goff classic, and the dual serrated arches on each side of the wedge-shaped wheelhouse are more impressive than Harryhausen's.  The hull is a cylinder with tapered ends with a large oval salon window amidships.  There are two lights extending from the hull below the window.  A smaller porthole is set in the upper side of the aft hull.  The stern has a symmetrical fishtail with a two-part rudder above and below the centerline prop.  There are "pectoral fin" dive planes and likely a second set on the trailing edge of the horizontal fins just forward of the tail.  A scuppered superstructure atop the hull includes a sloped deck forward and a large flat deck with two hatches aft, a serrated Goff dorsal fin and a 70mm U-Boat deck gun.  Wardrop's back story on the addition of the gun is that Impey Barbican, president of the Baltimore Gun Club in Jules Verne's From the Earth to the Moon, made it for Nemo.  The wheelhouse has two large ports on its sharply angled forward sides.  A large lantern is mounted just forward of the ports.  Different from Goff's anchor arangement, there is an anchor high on the upper forward hull with a track below to guide it away from the hull.  A diving hatch on the lower hull is protected by an guard frame.  See photos of this blue Nautilus on Wardrop's Steam Noir web site.

Mike Gonzales (AlphaRed6) posted his concept Nemo's second Nautilus at NautilusSubmarine.com.  He thinks it would have been a research vessel rather than a war machine, for as "Nemo aged his temper cooled, his thirst for revenge was sated".  Mike says the new Nautilus would be several times larger, but I've rendered his image at Verne's length.  The design is clearly recognizable as Harper Goff's classic concept even with the significant changes.  The ram is gone with a light mounted at the prow in its place.  The characteristic arch and rakers are all gone.  this Nautilus would suffer damage in a collision.  the original alligator eyes atop the wheel house now comprise Verne's lantern.  The barbed dorsal fin is gone from the longer deck, now adorned with railings.  the submarine now has two anchors to handle the longer hull, and finally the salon is much larger, with two pairs of windows.  Or perhaps the reformed Nemo has provided a lounge for his crew with the same outside view.

Chuck Messer sent me photos of his Nautilus model "inspired by the Verne novel and the look of several 19th century submarines, including the Hunley and the USS Alligator".  Chuck's design has a spindle hull with a long tapered ram strengthened  by three ribs to form a triangular cross-section.  There are large dive planes mounted a little forward of amidships, a circular salon window just aft, and long, narrow vertical and horizontal tail fins that end in a double rudder and additional planes.  A large four-bladed propeller is set at the very end of the hull.  The large wheelhouse has four small ports, the forward one between a double cutwater not unlike some of the early, inaccurate depictions of the Hunley.  The lantern structure is smaller, with two forward facing lights on each side of a single, more accurately Hunley-like cutwater.  The Hunley cutwaters were intended to prevent the hatch towers form hanging up on defensive cables.  here they provide protection in a ram attack.  The low deck between these structures has a launch set deep into the center.  

This is graphic designer Tarek Shamas' impression of the Nautilus, drawing after reading the novel.  I think he let his imagination run free because there's little of Verne's description apparent.  He has started with a conventional submarine form, adding considerable ornamentation.  There is a large observation window on the lower bow and what may be spiral-iris-protected ports higher on the forward hull.  The wheelhouse is realized as a conning tower with an observation deck, ports on each side, and possibly a forward-facing searchlight.  Either a rounded bump on the forward deck or another on the upper aft hull might be the canot.  There is a tall tail fin but no obvious dive planes.  This Nautilus has a large spiral screw propeller and large scoops on the sides of the lower hull, hinting at an innovative propulsion system.  See Tarek's original art on his web site here. 

Designer Tim Delaney of Walt Disney Imagineering created this updated version of Harper Goff's original Nautilus.  It appears to be closer in length to Verne  and otherwise moves the Nautilus technology into the next century.  Tim has retained the spar and raker arches almost unchanged but added vents to the lower forward hull.  The wheelhouse is much more streamlined and faired to a much larger dorsal fin giving a more organic appearance than the original.  The aft hatch may still be there but if so its construction is very different.  The lower diving hatch, if retained, is also very different.  The salon window frame is elongated and the tail fins longer and more streamlined.  The biggest change is in the propulsion technology.  Tim has replaced the prop with a jet system, including a smaller version on the keel and there may be maneuvering fans in the keel and lower fin.    (Thanks to Wade Watson on NautilusSubmarine.com.)

Jaime Campbell based this Nautilus design on some early drawings and his own ideas.  He sees the pilothouse as an integral part of the deck, sticking up just 4 or 5 feet above the actual deck level.  He locates the lantern and the boat on the deck as a single platform; the boat simply launches from the structure while submerged.  He places an additional 4-foot porthole in Nemo’s cabin.  Jaime keeps much of the the look of Harper Goff's bow except for the fore-mentioned changes and more barbing on the spar.  The salon window is closer to Verne's description, there is a single dive plane amidships, and the hull is longer, but otherwise retains a number of Goff's features. 
 

If Nemo had used steam power, Peter Pohle's steam-powered Steampunk Submarine could have been the Nautilus.  The spindle hull, made of distinctly non-Vernian wood, is very like Monturiol's Ictineo II.  It is reinforced with a steel frame and has a blunt but heavy-looking metal ram on the forward end.  There are dive planes located in the side frame a short distance aft of the prow and a second set is set in horizontal fins at the stern.  The large centerline nine-bladed propeller is protected by these fins and a vertical set that supports a large rudder.  In addition to the a large salon window approximately amidships, there are small observation domes near the bow and two rows of ports along the hull side. The forward end of the deck is decorated with an ornate Hippocampus figurehead.  A graceful raker arch, perhaps a nod to Harper Goff, protects the figurehead and a small observation dome.  The deck extends to an elaborate conning tower that incorporates a ship's-bridge-like wheelhouse at deck level and the steam plant with three capped smoke stacks, tall enough that the submarine could run submerged near the surface with operating boilers.  The stacks would be vulnerable in a full ram attack (as would be much of the superstructure) but could perhaps be retracted into the hull.  Peter's conception of the launch as a mini-submarine set into the deck aft of the power plant is only a minor extension of Verne's.  Peter has realized it as a small explorer submarine that very much reminds me of the excursion pods of 2001A Space Odyssey's Discovery.  Like Nemo's canot, it can be entered from within the main submarine via a hatch in its lower hull.  
     This Nautilus is available as a 3D model at TurboSquid.  The TurboSquid page illustrates many features of the design.

"Balsavor" (Aaron Godwin) posted this organic Nautilus at DeviantArt as a work-in-progress.  I see superficial similarity to Christian Zaber's above, but at the next level it is very different.  Rather than Goff's legacy sawtooth rakers, it has rows of small dorsal fins (although there may be rakers along the side), slightly reminiscent of the Michael Caine TV film version.  At least two large windows are visible.  The lower one surely is in the salon for underwater viewing.  If the upper one is for surface running it would be dramatically near the waterline and would place the lethal ram far above it.  The conical ribbon impeller screw, a little like Hansen's much larger versions, nicely complements the lines and interruptions of the design.  Overall the impression is dangerous but graceful.  See Godwin's full size image at DeviantArt.

This is another design from Leelan Lampkins.  Like his other versions this Nautilus is adapted from Greg Sharpe's plan.  As before Leelan has raised the ram.  The wheelhouse and dive planes are like Greg's but the lantern is different.  He's added an anchor, moved the salon window forward and added a ring of lights.  The stern has noticeable changes, particularly the symmetrical vertical fins.  See a detailed plan of this Nautilus at DeviantArt and see Leelan's earlier versions here and here.

Stinson L., who has his own design in the Catalog, modeled this variation on Ron Miller's Nautilus based on Ron's cutaway drawing.  Stinson started with his own design and changed the proportions and a few of the features to match Ron's.  The ram and prop are Stinson's and the salon window and wheelhouse retain his unique design.  The lantern is Miller's but larger.  You might be able to download this Nautilus from the 3D Warehouse.

This Nautilus by "Chrisz3D" is available as a 3D model at TurboSquid.  Described as "the old book version of Jules Verne's Nautilus", the design is mostly true to the novel with a few embellishments for visual interest.  The flat deck sits atop the hull amidships.  A four-sided wheelhouse with a viewport on each side is set at a 45-degree angle at the forward end.  The boat is set into the deck amidships with a circular hatch just aft.  The lantern housing at the aft end of the deck is slightly larger than the wheelhouse and has a large lens facing forward.  Large oval salon ports are placed slightly above the centerline just forward of rounded dive planes amidships.  There appears to be a diving hatch on the hull bottom.  The four-bladed prop is mounted at the afted end of the hull with the rudder affixed to a vertical ventral fin extending from the keel.  The hull appears to be a modified spindle with constant cross-section in the middle section and tapering end sections.  The cross-section is not circular, but has flattened sides.  The pointed ram slightly larger than and affixed to the prow, looks strong enough for a ram attack.  See some nice images of this Nautilus at TurboSquid.

Concept Artist John Eaves conceived this Nautilus for the 2012 movie Journey 2: The Mysterious Island.  The design is similar to but differs from that used in the movie.  It has a manta ray shape with graceful wings.  A single arch extends from a large forward-facing window in the bow to a supporting buttress amidships.  The arch, which resembles the pair in Harryhausen's design in the 1961 film, has Goff-like rakers.  There are rakers on the the fins on each wink, on the upper fin over the prop, and along the top of the salon window housings.  There is a deck amidships under the arch and a circular hatch aft of the arch.  Control is provided by a large rudder at the stern and a pair of dive planes extending forward from the bow.   See John Eaves' artwork on his web site here and here.  
 

The Nautilus in the film Journey 2: The Mysterious Island was closer to this concept by Miles Teves. The design is similar Eaves' just above, but has a very different bow and lacks the large side windows.  Among many other smaller differences are the tail shape and the propeller's protective ring.  The actual miniature (pictured here) had further differences, including a glassed-in gallery on the deck, a flatter bow window, other bow features, and much small fins atop the manta wings.  (This item dates to 2012.  I've placed it here for easy comparison with the Eaves design.)

The 7th Voyage Productions Nautilus doesn't actually appear in the amazon.com downloadable movie, Nautilus: The Next Generation, but only in the publicity material.  The interesting hull has a possibly dolphin- or whale-like shape, with the salon window as the eye.  A row of smaller ports along the hull side is just noticeable.  A heavy cogged arch extends from a very low-mounted ram up over the bow to join an elevated bridge-like deck.  This much of the design looks robust enough to handle a ramming attack, but the deck railing and antenna mast likely wouldn't survive.  Rather than a wheelhouse, this Nautilus has a conning tower/sail topped with another tower.  The sail sweeps down to an odd stern. A heavy horizontal fin appears to extend from the hull top far to the sides. About a third of the way from the end of this fin, a lighter vertical component sweeps down and then inward to connect with a large vertical fin extending from the keel. You can see the design image (displayed at half size) at IMDb.  (Note that this Nautilus doesn't appear in the film.  Read the reviews before purchasing the download.)

Chuck Pfaff created a drawing of this true-to-the-novel Nautilus design.  There is a sturdy ram at the bow of the spindle hull and a large four-bladed propeller at the stern.  A double rudder is set in vertical tail fins.  The dive plane amidships is somewhat smaller than most.  A flat deck is centered atop the hull with a rectangular pilothouse with four large ports forward and a similar lantern structure aft.  Both are retractable.  The boat is set into the deck amidships.  There's an odd feature on lower hull that may be a dive hatch.  Chuck places two large oval windows in the forward hull.  One is shown with protective shutters closed.  See the original drawing on DeviantArt. 

Video game concept artist and illustrator Roberto Robert posted this Nautilus on his Robots blog.  It's a pleasingly sleek design.  Some details such as propulsion or steering are unclear or perhaps missing, but only noticeable on analysis.  There is no ram but the lower hull has a snaggle-tooth array of rakers. The archless wheelhouse is reminiscent of Goff's as is the salon window set high on the side.  Another snaggled construction farther astern on the upper hull recall Goff's dorsal fin.  The lower hull has an interesting large opening amidships, clearly associated with diving.  See Roberto's original artwork here. 

The graphic novel 20 000 siècles sous les mers (20,000 Centuries beneath the Sea), by Richard Nolane and Patrick Dumas, tells the story of Nemo battling an ancient undersea horror in a new, larger version of the Nautilus.  Part 1 includes images of the original Nautilus in a flashback sequence.  The original design has a cylindrical cigar-shaped hull with a deck running the full length of the cylindrical section.  There is a pilothouse with a very large circular port on each side and an outside platform in the top, such as on a typical submarine’s conning tower, at the forward end of the deck.  A second, identical, unexplained structure is located at the aft end.  There are two large round ports in the side of the hull.  The larger aft window has a four-leaf diaphragm protective shutter.  This Nautilus has a three-bladed prop in a simple fishtail.

Commercial artist, designer, and illustrator Brandon Steele includes this Nautilus design in his online portfolio.  The hull has two parts.  The larger diameter forward part has a cruciform flange of which the vertical set is larger and extends over the smaller diameter aft hull, the upper portion becoming an arch.  There are four large forward-facing lamps at the bow.  Steele's artwork hints at a wheelhouse where I've guessed at it, but the perspective of the graphic hides any detail.  The aft hull has two large windows on either side that open on the salon, which Steel calls the lounge.  (His separate Lounge illustration indicates a double hull construction with a flattened oval inner hull.)  There are four smaller ports along the lower hull.  The design has a large tail with a large rudder in the lower part.  A prop isn't visible and bubbles coming from the conical stern as well as the three circular features possibly hint at an exotic propulsion system.  See the original artwork in the portfolio.  (Clicking the graphic opens a high-resolution version.)  

Deniz Mutlu ("stabbedwithacarrot) designed this and the next Nautilus for a school project.  Both are part of the same multi-view drawing; this one is not colored in on the same drawing and I've interpreted it as a preliminary design.  The fish-shaped, oval cross-section hull has a small ram and a row of raker teeth along the upper forward hull culminating in a tall fin just forward of a small deck.  There's what appears to be a very large window under the center part of the rakers.  Large side fins flare out at the section that resembles gills.  I included this preliminary version because instead of dive planes these fins carry possibly movable cylindrical ducts with four-bladed fans, a feature used on deep-sea submersibles and, in slightly different form, on the 1886 Ottoman submarine Abdül Hamid.  The hull ends with a cruciform tail with double rudder and four-bladed propeller.  

The Nautilus that is the focus of Deniz Mutlu's ("stabbedwithacarrot) drawing is less organic, more mechanical than the previous design.  The ram has been enlarged and integrated into a sharpened fin system protecting the forward hull.  The line of rakers is more stylized and now a full arch over the reverse tapered bow.  There is a two-level deck just aft of the tall forward leaning fin that completes the row of rakers.  The large windows of the preliminary version now have a more procatical multi-paned frame.  The "gills" remain but dive/surface fans are gone, replaced by horizontal cylinders that may be some sort of intakes, possibly associated with the gills.  The more or less triangular cross-section hull is stepped to resemble a sort of prehistoric armored and segmented sea creature, especially in the top and bottom views.  This look is carried to the tail, which incorporates dive planes and rudder around a four-bladed propeller.  See Mutlu's drawing with multiple views of both this and the previous design at DeviantArt.

This Nautilus, called "The Streamliner" by UK modeler Alan Taylor ("unbuiltnautilus") is what I'd call a quick-&-dirty design, based on the hull of an Akula-class submarine.  It has the classic Goff silhouette with a much cleaner - streamlined - appearance.  There are no rakers on the arch or keel, and the side fins flare gracefully up to and away from the accurately positioned salon window.  The deck is designed from the novel with an angle-sided pilothouse somewhat aft of the arch, the boat set in the deck about halfway aft to to the forward-looking lantern housing.  There's a hatch just forward of the lantern.  The oval cutout in the keel is a style element shared with other Taylor designs.  The position of the dive control surfaces isn't obvious from the drawing, but because this was conceived as a working model, they would be functional.  See a drawing of this Nautilus beside the original Akula in this post by Alan on the Model Boat Mayhem web site (1st post).

Randolph Hess updated his original Nautilus (above) to better conform to the novel.  There are some minor changes, but the only significant one is the repositioning of the dive planes amidships.  As before, the wheelhouse and lantern retract for attack configuration as illustrated in the animation.

Described by "JIHS" as a steampunk Nautilus, the design is conceived as a giant squid, with the squid's tail to the left forming the bow, and the tentacles, eight tubes that appear to be part of the propulsion system, to the right, so that it actually sails "backwards", as a squid does when using its jet.  The tip of the tail forms a massive ram.  The tail fins just aft on the body appear to be for show only as control is achieved by several sets of fans set both horizontally in the body and and vertically as visible in the illustration.  There is a long, conning tower-like pilothouse on the deck, and large circular ports in the hull side.  This Nautilus is not so true to Verne's text, but I think true to its spirit.  You can no longer download JIHS's SketchUp model at Google 3D Warehouse but there are images and a version for sale in several formats at TurboSquid.

K2 Pictures designed this Nautilus for their television production of The Mysterious Island.  The overall design is like no other, resembling perhaps some prehistoric undersea creature.  The snout, if that's what it is, of this creature translates into overlapping serrated rams.  These together with a massive set of angled fins below and just forward of the pilothouse, protect the rest of the hull, which is only slightly less armored and much more detailed than illustrated in my rendering.  The pilothouse itself has an angled round port on each side and one, protected by a triangular hood, facing straight ahead.  The top of the pilothouse supports a deck.  The finlike object aft of the deck is actually a wide structure with a circular cross-section.  The hull sides feature a large round port and three slightly smaller ones.  The triangular tail has a horizontal element that may include dive planes.  The five-bladed propeller is enclosed in a protective cage.  

This Nautilus by Georgi Grigorov is available as a small resin model kit. The design is essentially the classic version.  The hull is a modified spindle with cylindrical midsection.  The four-sided wheelhouse is aligned so the ports face forward and back and to the sides.  The shape is slightly more complex than the standard pyramidal form.  The flat deck immediately aft of the wheelhouse has a rectangular hatchway followed by the boat.  There are several unexplained features probably added for interest.  The prism-shaped lantern is set in the hull just aft of the deck.  The images I've seen don't show a propeller but it would be situated at the very end of the hull, aft of the double triangle rudder.  The rudder is mounted at the end of a pair of vertical fins.  Trapezoidal dive planes are mounted amidships and there is a small circular salon window.  Grigorov has added a number of smaller portholes along the hull side.  See more about the kit, including some images here.

"Youngblood88" created this Nautilus as a school project.  It owns more to modern submarine design and recent science fiction than Jules Verne, but it does stand out as a unique design. The final drawing has annotation but it isn't legible and is likely written in Turkish, so all my comments are my own interpretation.  The bow of this Nautilus is unlike any other, featuring what appears to be a dropped ram.  There is an intricate structure just aft of the ram that appears to be duplicated on each side.  The hull itself looks to be semi-cylindrical, rounded on top and flat on the bottom.  I won't speculate on the finlike structure below the conning tower, but I'd guess that the large structure on the stern, which may be rounded is also duplicated port and starboard.  The screw or other propulsion system might be between these and the tabs top and bottom may be rudders. There is a fair-sized porthole forward of amidships, a very large, armored port corresponding to the salon, and a row of small ports aft.  The superstructure is almost a conventional conning tower with periscope, but there are two ports on the side, which are more Verne/sci-fi. Lastly there's an interesting structure at the base of the tower that I might interpret as part of a recessed boat.  See youngblood88's original image at DeviantArt.

Artist Walter Plitt Quintin posted several very nice illustrations of Jules Verne's Nautilus on his Illustrated Man blog.  Each of these is a little different so I've selected features from several for my graphic here.  The hull is more or less spindle-shaped although one version is more of a cylinder with tapered ends.  The elevated deck extends all the way to the bow and includes a set of saw-tooth rakers at the prow.  There is no spur or ram but the bow looks beefy enough for ramming.  Most versions include a cylindrical wheelhouse.  Two versions have the salon window located amidships but two place it further forward.  There is no sign of dive planes either amidships or forward, so they must be in the stern horizontal fins.  Finally, the propeller has Verne's four blades.  None of the illustrations shows a clear rudder.  The blog is gone now but you can view some of Quintin's original Nautilus art at Deviant Art here, here, and here.  In 2012 he posted a new image showing side, top, and bottom views that is viewable via the Wayback Machine.  This, again slightly different, design has a spindle-shaped hull and shows the rudder in the vertical tail fins and dive planes in the horizontal fins. 

You can find several images of Tomasz Niedzinski's classic Nautilus on DeviantArt.  The design, which is highly faithful to the novel, has a tapered spindle hull with a narrow spar.  There are large offset dive planes just forward of amidships and a gracefully sculptured fishtail fin.  The small spherical pilot house with three circular windows is set into the hull at the forward end of a raised deck.  A small lantern is located on the deck just aft of the pilothouse.  The boat is in the center of the deck forward of amidships.  The circular salon window is located on the lower hull just a bit forward of the pilothouse and there is a diving hatch in the keel about a third way aft of amidships.  The rudder, set in the tail aft of the five-bladed prop, resembles Goff's.  See images of this Nautilus on DeviantArt here, here, here, and here.  
 
Digital artist Zacharias Vaught began with the View-Master Nautilus above but his own design is very different.  The hull shape is similar, but the raker configuration is very different.  The sawtooth set atop the hull is interrupted by a deck as in the novel with a low wheelhouse forward, a lantern aft, and a boat and hatch between them.  The rectangular, panel-covered salon window is accurately placed.  Vaught has located diving hatches on the hull bottom between the exaggerated fins and hidden lights in the fins.  I like this fishlike design better than the View-Master original.  

Papercrafter "RocketmanTan" created this paper model version of the Nautilus.  He based his design on the original Hetzel-edition illustrations and Verne's text.  In his words, "the hull retains the 4:35 ratio as described, the ram is in the shape of an isosceles triangle, the salon window is towards the bow, the diving plane is amidships, and the pilothouse and light retract into the hull during ramming attacks. ... The hull proportions refer to the hull only" so that the ram and rudder are extra.  The rudder assembly is from the French submarine Plongeur, often mentioned as Verne's inspiration. You can download the paper model at Deviant Art.

UK modeler Alan Taylor ("unbuiltnautilus") has been tinkering with a working model Nautilus he calls "The Beast".  This is one version of that steampunky design.  The basic spindle hull is richly adorned with functional and perhaps decorative elements.  Starting with the narrow centerline ram we move aft to a nicely-conceived reversed raker arch linked to the keel.  The keel is fitted with a row of large rakers.  The  bow structure has a double row that continues along the upper hull to the slant-sided bridge.  It's not obvious from the drawing here, but the appearance of this Nautilus just awash on the surface would very much resemble the head of a monstrous crocodile - The Beast!  Just aft of the bridge is a more standard raker arch, intended to protect the open deck platform atop the aft superstructure.  Another arch protects the vertical tail.  Armor plates along the side of the hull protect the large salon window and a row of lights along the hull.  The three "tentacles" are exhaust pipes, the source of the spray streams described in the novel.  There are dive planes forward and aft of the armor structure.  Aft of the Taylor signature oval notch in the keel is a practical reversed lantern tower for under water viewing.  See drawings of this and other Nautilus designs by Alan, and a photo of a prototype model, posted on the Model Boat Mayhem web site (posts 40 & 43 toward the bottom of the page). 

"stince" (Stinson L.) modeled this somewhat elongated spindle-hulled Nautilus in SketchUp.  The ram appears to be an integral part of the hull.  A raised deck is located forward of amidships, with a complex wheelhouse at the forward end and a tall tower-mounted lantern at the aft end.  Neither appears to be retractable.  There is a large rectangular hatch near the center, but no sign of a boat.  Large dive planes are set on the hull just aft of the wheelhouse.  The rudder is located below the stern, supported by a narrow fin on the hull bottom.  A four-bladed propeller is attached to the very stern.  There is a diving hatch on the bottom below the center of the deck.  The design includes angled, elaborately grilled rectangular windows, shown in the detail at right.  The detail also shows the round, layered (possibly fresnel) glass ports and the paned window arrangement on the sides and top.  

Game designer and illustrator "Omega2064" created this spindle-shaped Nautilus based some old notes on the novel.  The design follows the the text with a large oval salon window, diving plane amidships, and large four-bladed propeller.  The wheelhouse and lantern are stationary, with the lantern tower tall enough to illuminate the area ahead of the submarine.  The captain's boat is recessed into the hull between them.  Omega264 used a Giger-like pattern to simulate a monster's skin.  My graphic tones the skin pattern down; see the original artwork and read Omega2064's explanation on DeviantArt.

This Nautilus by Chris3D more standard submarine-like than most but does have Vernian elements.  It mounts a sturdy spar mounted high on the bow, with a nod to Harper Goff in the raker ridge immediately aft.  There is a hatch in the deck just aft of the ridge.  The almost full-length deck is fitted atop the hull with large scupper vents fore and aft.  The wheelhouse is placed amidships, rather like a conning tower.  The stern has a centerline four-bladed propeller and vertical and horizontal fins with a split rudder on the former and dive planes on the latter.  The large salon window is located high on the hull amidships.  See images of this Nautilus at TurboSquid, where it is for sale.      

Alexander Sokornov (MsToft) has a very nice video of his Nautilus that you can view on here on .  His spindle-shaped design is true to Verne's text, although he has added a few embellishments.  The spar is similar to Humphries' or Dutton's and others but more graceful. The circular, slightly recessed salon window is correctly placed.  There are large diving planes placed amidships and horizontal fins at the stern that appear to be control surfaces.  They are mounted in an identical frame to that used for the double rudder.   The large, four-bladed propeller is set at the very end of the hull.  There is a large diving hatch on the hull bottom directly below the wheelhouse.  Most of the embellishments are to the details of the centrally located deck.  The deck arrangement is basically  as described in the novel, with the wheelhouse forward, the boat in the center, and the lantern aft, with a rail running most of the length.  Sokornov has constructed the lantern tower similarly to the wheelhouse, with view ports and placed the actual lantern atop the tower.  A second, larger lantern is mounted atop the wheelhouse.  A row of what might be ports or deadlights runs along each side of the hull along the edge of the deck.  The boat has a very interesting construction, looking almost like a small submarine and consistent with Nemo's description of its use.  MsToft has kindly allowed me to post some of his images here.

CG arts and animation student Daniel Rolph posted his Nautilus design on his DR Designs blog.  The bow of this Nautilus with its keel mounted ram reminds me some of a Roman galley.  There's not much of Jules Verne here but hints of Goff in the raker arch, anchor, and large wheelhouse window that resembles the 1956 salon window.  There are large rectangular ports in the forward hull that probably place the salon there.  Otherwise the design draws on more modern submarines.  There are forward and aft dive planes, two propellers low on the hull and tandem rudders at the stern.  The midships wheelhouse is more of a conning tower.  It even appears to have a periscope.  Not visible in my graphic, the large deck has a hatch at its aft end.  The forward end extends under the arch and includes a hatch there as well, another reference to Goff.  See Daniel's original art on his blog.

Prolific artist Walter Pitt Quintin has drawn a number of variations of the Nautilus.  This one, more fishlike that his earlier set, features a crest-like barbed fin at the bow.  There are hatches in the deck forward and aft of the organic wheelhouse with three large viewports.  The eye-like salon window is placed well forward.  There is a dive plane just aft of the window, still well forward of amidships and a cruciform tail that may include additional planes and a double rudder.  The design has a large, four-bladed prop at the stern.  

Although not conceived as the Nautilus, Mara Aum's Argo, a vehicle from her C.O.G. Chronicles graphic novel, fits comfortably in the catalog.  While designed using motifs that reappear in many of the Chronicles' graphics, we can see elements that evoke the Nautilus of Verne.  The Argo has a fishlike shape with a narwhal spar.  There are two observation dome/wheelhouse possibilities, one on the upper bow with smaller flat ports just aft, and one atop the hull.  Two sets of semicircular ports located on the hull side might indicate large rooms, either of which could be serve as the Nautilus' salon.  Rows of smaller ports indicate at least three decks in the Argo.  The hull has overlapping, backward facing barbs, pointed along the sides and on the tail mount, rounded at the top.  The lower hull features a very large forward facing hook introducing a design element continued farther aft and in the ornate tail.  There's a slot in the hull for a complex set of large cogs, the motif that recurs appropriately throughout the Cog Chronicles.  See Mara Aum's original artwork here. 

Artist Miles Teves has created more than half a dozen interesting Nautilus designs.  I especially like this one for its cross-references.  The shape is very much like Meinert Hansen's spiral screw designs (above) but Teves has reversed the concept, making the screw a rotating ram.  The flying raker arch emulates Ray Harryhausen's Mysterious Island Nautilus but with the wheelhouse integrated with the arch.  The salon window on the hull side is very large, but there is also a gondola on the hull bottom for underwater viewing.  The raker motif begins as a saw-tooth edge on the ram, continues along the arch, runs along the top and sides of the aft hull, the bottom of the gondola, and ends on the trailing edge of the extra large rudder.  
     The particular design pictured here is one of a closely related set of four.  One of these has a clearly separate spiral ram, leading me to believe it is intended to rotate.  It lacks the flying arch but has a graceful, almost filigreed framework on the hull.  Another is sturdier looking than the first two and the spiral ram is obviously fixed to the hull.  The flying arch is more subdued than that featured here and is partly mirrored by a barbed keel extension.  There are two or even four propellers.  The last of the four has reshaped the ram, integrating it more closely with the hull.  The deck is located farther aft and may include a boat.  The salon window of each is sized, positioned and configured differently.  None show obvious dive planes.  See Teves' original drawing of this set and other Nautilus designs (and his other art) on his web site (this is an archive copy - the actual link doesn't load). 

Perhaps before her armored fish Nautilus just below, freelance illustrator Cindy de Andrade Avelino conceived this similar, if simpler, design.  It has narwhal tusk ram, but in this case the tooth is still within the fish's mouth.  The large salon window serves as the creature's eye, and there are three smaller arched windows along the side of the hull, the peaked arches perhaps meant to suggest Captain Nemo's Indian heritage, revealed in The Mysterious Island.  The smaller window high on the hull appears to be a light. The overlapping armor plates are less spiky than the later Nautilus but still obvious, especially covering the forward section.  There are no noticeable dive planes, but this Nautilus does have a fairing along the side of the hull running from the salon window all the way to the intricately shaped tail.  The artwork doesn't show a propeller, but a bubble vortex hints at one.  A simple,  streamlined wheelhouse sits atop the hull.  See the original image at DeviantArt.  In her comments Cindy indicates the idea for the illustration, which shows a giant octopus coming up behind the comparatively small fish-like Nautilus, was a group effort, although she was the illustrator.

This Nautilus is imagined by freelance illustrator Cindy de Andrade Avelino as a heavily armored fish. The ram is the curved tusk of a narwhal, suggested by Professor Aronnax in the novel as a possible explanation for the "monster".  (Not visible in the much reduced graphic here but detailed in her original art, the artist has placed an asymmetrically tusked creature as a figurehead, appropriate because the narwhal's tusk is actually one of its canine teeth, grown enormous.)  The entire hull is covered with overlapping spiny plates.  The large, near spherical salon windows serve as eyes of the beast.  There is a searchlight embedded in a plate atop the hull, just forward of the wheelhouse, and two arched windows, smaller than the salon window, amidships.  Several smaller ports are set into the sides of the hull aft.  A small boat, approximately the same size as the wheelhouse, is set atop the hull about two-thirds of the way aft.  Two structures of uncertain purpose, possibly associated with the propulsion system, are located atop the hull just forward of the spiky tail.  There are two propellers in the tail, one on the hull centerline and a smaller one mounted in the crook of the upper tail.  There are no obvious dive planes, but some of the side plates may function of these.  See the intricate original artwork at DeviantArt.  Although posted to DeviantArt in 2013, the commentary dates the image 2012.

Before he elaborated on the design of his submarine Rendezvous, below, Ricardo Garcia tried what he called an "old illustration" similar to the engravings found in 19th century magazines and newspapers, maybe done by an artist based on first and second hand reports.  It retains characteristics of the more detailed version below, but if it's the same submarine, the artist got lots wrong.  The design has an overall fishlike appearance with a long barbed ram at the bow, above the centerline.  The bow slopes up to the wheelhouse more or less consistent with the diorama mentioned below, but much smaller.  The structure has a large "Mohawk" fin with rakers.  There's a deck aft of the wheelhouse extending to the observation chamber just forward of a small rakered dorsal fin.  Aft of the bow the hull slopes down to the fish's belly.  Large ventral fins likely serve as dive planes and, instead of a large salon window, there's a round structure with a central port and additional ports, or possibly lights, fore and aft.  The hull then slopes up to an elaborate tail with rakered fins protecting the propeller.  Those on the sides are angled down.  The vertical fins have a two-part rudder on the trailing edges and the angled fins appear to have control surfaces as well.  See the original artwork at DeviantArt.

Ricardo Garcia ("Coscomomo") based his submarine Rendezvous on Goff's iconic design, first enlarging the the wheelhouse to match a diorama he made of its interior and then removing, adding, and changing elements to create this new version.  Although slightly longer, the spar remains but the arch and rakers are gone, replaced by a set of fins.  The enlarged wheelhouse has a forward-facing port, a smaller one on each side of the helm and two more at the aft end.  Two other additions are observation chambers with several ports, one on the aft deck, and one on the lower hull.  The lower tail fin is greatly lengthened and something that looks like a hatch is added to the hull side in the fairing just below the wheelhouse ports.  Overall this is a robust, steampunky version of the classic Nautilus.  See Garcia's original art, which includes a cutaway, here and examine his wheelhouse diorama at here and here at DeviantArt.

The MM Nautilus by "Mausel" and "Mike2010" starts with the classic Goff design and morphs it into something new. The arch, the rakers, dorsal fin, the salon window bulge are all there, but different.  The spar is heavier and incorporates its own rakers.  In fact the entire hull is wider and heavier looking.  The wheelhouse, now more like a ship's bridge, is incorporated into the hull rather than attached to the deck.   The deck itself is divided into three parts, the main deck aft of the wheelhouse hatch and a lower level on each side.  The salon window is very like Goff's but the ring of lights is replaced by three lights that are miniatures of the window.  M & M have moved the dive hatch from the center of the keel to the lower hull starboard side.  The stern itself has its own look, with a large rudder aft of a Verne-true, four-bladed prop.  I don't see any dive planes (this is not the only design without them).  This is a Poser 3-D model with a complete interior.  You can see some images of this Nautilus and purchase the model at Renderosity. 

My rendition doesn't do justice to artist Martin Reimann's unique Nautilus.  Granted, the design owes little to Verne, but even less to any other designer.  This submarine is brand new from the half-swallowed modern cathedral in the bow to the graceful hill of a conning tower - identified as the bridge - that dominates the deck.  The tall church windows in the bow and an array of smaller round windows in the prow itself look out from a large room he calls the observatory.  A chamber on the lower hull with smaller windows must serve some less formal purpose.  Reimann's experimental development drawings indicate that the clamshell structure on the forward lower hull is designed to open to reveal a futuristic weapon.  The lower hull has diving lights, one below the prow and one on each side amidships.  This Nautilus is more massive than most, more like a second generation boat, and has a large rudder and large dive planes, angled downward, but a surprisingly small prop.  See Martin's original drawing here.

This is  Jean-Paul Denis's design for the Nautilus that Nemo first built.  After his escape he wished to live a peaceful, isolated life, exploring the sea.  The spindle-hull design features a cutwater at the bow, to ease travel on the surface through ice or other impediments.  There is a low wheelhouse at the forward end of the deck with the lantern mounted atop it just aft of the windows.  There is a hatch aft of the wheelhouse with the boat in the deck approximately amidships.  A large eight-bladed propeller is located at the stern.  The rudder is mounted on the hull bottom just forward of the prop.  The dive hatch is on the hull bottom about half way to amidships.  Triangular dive planes located just aft of amidships are small, but there are much larger surfaces on each side of the stern.  The large circular salon windows are protected by a light framework.  There is a covered anchor port and cooling water intakes for the electric equipment forward of the window.

Jean-Paul Denis suggests that Nemo, now being hunted by the "hated nation", modified the Nautilus while making repairs for damage suffered in the Maelstrom.  The basic functional design is unchanged, but he reinforced and armored the cutwater to make it a much more effective ram.  Dorsal and ventral "barbs" were added to the hull to protect fittings and to cause more target damage during a ramming attack.  The salon window guards are now heavy-duty and the stern has been significantly modified both to protect the propeller and to provide better stabilization.  The result is a much more aggressive, warlike appearance.

French illustrator Gwendal Lemercier's drawing of what might be the underwater city of Oceanopolis features this Nautilus.   The basic hull more or less follows the text of the novel, but there are many, many enhancements and additions.  The Goff-inspired arch spans almost the entire length with a backswept fin near the tail.  There appear to be two galleries below the arch, one of which might contain the wheelhouse.  The side of the hull has an enormous salon window near amidships and a row of smaller ports fore and aft.  The keel has a sweptback fin just forward of a bump I'd like to think is a small submarine launch for entering the city.  The tail includes a shroud protecting what Lemercier describes as a series of propellers, but considering the artist's interest, there may be some other form of hydro-propulsion.  See this page, with the artist's explanation (in French).

This is an earlier design concept of Dr. Grymm's Nautilus for 5 Wits Attractions, depicted just below.  There is a clear relationship to the final version.  It has an organic, fishlike hull with fins that have a more steampunk, mechanical appearance than the final design.  Likewise the forward and aft observation domes are larger and the propeller indicates a more conventional propulsion system.  The larger portholes running along the side of the hull almost bring Goff's design to mind.  The large dome on the hull bottom might have a diver's hatch.  See the rough sketch on Flickr and a slightly different design here.

Dr. Grymm (Joey Marsocci) built this fish-like Nautilus for 5 Wits Attractions.  In his own words, "I wanted to keep with a more organic and streamlined shape though with a bit more grounded in reality design for a submarine. In the original story Verne's description of the sub was more like a Narwhal whale, as such I had always envisioned it to be more like a whale shark. I believed this design would be able to better camouflage into the ocean, while being a perfect design for ramming ships with it's dorsal fin".  The bow, rather than a ram, has a glowing grill where the shark's mouth would be.  This  might be a wide window or might be associated with the unusual propulsion system.  There is a dome at each end of superstructure with the tall fin amidships.  Three rows of port holes run along the hull, those on the bottom looking down.  There are three downward-pointing lights along the keel and what appears to be an observation gondola with small ports about a third of the way aft.  Control is provided by pivot-mounted ventral fins and a shark-like tail, all scaled to match the dorsal fin.  The propulsion system has components mounted on each side at the shark's pelvic fin location and one in the tail.  See photos of this interesting Nautilus on Flickr.

Gerard Duffy (Taranis) more or less followed the novel, retaining a version of the arch and much of the wheelhouse from Harper Goff's classic design.  As for so many of us, the Disney film was his introduction to Jules Verne.  Duffy's Nautilus is near-cylindrical - the cross-section is a polygon, similar to Goff's - with tapered ends.  Although an early version lacked one, the final sub has a cruciform spar. The vertical and horizontal fairings of Goff's design are retained, minus the rakers, and further modified.  The horizontal fairing flairs out forward of the salon window to contain large dive planes.  The window has external panels that slide together for protection, as described in the novel.  A narrow fairing resumes after the window and then flairs out again near the stern to accommodate a second set of planes.  The large four-bladed propeller is protected by a short cylindrical shroud with a large rudder astern.  The notch in the keel fairing, like Goff's, contains the diving hatch.  The forward arch is cantilevered over the wheelhouse, rather than attached, and Goff's alligator-eye lights are relocated to the deck well forward of the wheelhouse.  The deck runs straight back from the main hatch just aft of the wheelhouse, but flairs out to a circular platform amidships, resuming its narrow shape along the stern and ending at what appears to be a small lantern located on the forward edge of the blunt vertical fin.  The boat is set in the aft part of the flared-out deck.  See some very nice renderings of Duffy's Nautilus on his blog here.  (And see his second Nautilus below.)

Andy Catling created this somewhat whimsical fish-like Nautilus for 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea Illustrated Classics published by Sandy Creek in 2013.  There are large viewports on the forward hull partially shielded by a protective flange just aft of the pointed ram.  A row of differently sized ports runs along the side of the hull.  A cutaway diagram shows an intricate power plant occupying the after portion of the hull, but it's not clear from the other illustrations how this translates to motion or depth control.  The pectoral fins may serve as dive planes.  The diagram also shows a small boat but doesn't indicate where it is stowed or how it's launched.  The design however does have the look of an armored sea monster.

Professional comic creator J.S. Earls created this Nautilus for a possible comic about Nemo's activities between those told in 20,000 Leagues and Mysterious Island.  The design is somewhat stylized with a large notched ram high on the bow.  There appears to be a circular salon window about a quarter of the way back on the hull and possibly numerous small ports, widely distributed.  No dive planes are apparent but there is a structure on the aft hull that might be part of a control or auxiliary propulsive system.  The hull tapers down to the stern with vertical fins, a low-mounted rudder, and a large propeller.  The deck has a nearly standard submarine conning tower with masts and several forward-facing ports.  What appear to be guns fore and aft of the tower may be the steam or hot-water jets as mentioned in the novel.  See Earls' original artwork at Deviant Art here and here.

This unique design is by illustrator/cartoonist Alan McIntyre, posted on his blog "The Board of Decisiveness".  From above, this Nautilus is very roughly whale shaped, with a slim, flukeless tail, very large flippers and a narrow nose. Although the hull retains is odd shape, the organic resemblance vanishes other views. ,From the side it looks like some prosaic utility vessel, emphasizing its hefty construction.  The design has a large serrated ram that at its root spreads out to blend into the wide-beamed hull. The flat, diamond-shaped deck is huge, with a small railed-off area around the main hatch at its center.  There is a mast and other superstructure elements including at least one periscope in this area and mid forward and far aft.  A low rail surrounds the whole deck.  There is no wheelhouse on the deck but a large bridge with many windows is situated just at or below the waterline on the forward hull.  The salon is uniquely unconventional.  A large circular structure with surrounding windows located on the lower hull amidships can be lowered like a diving bell. The heavy diving planes so commanding in top and side views are evident even in the side view.  The design has a large trapezoidal rudder and appears to use a set of thrusters for propulsion.  See McIntyre's Nautilus drawings here and here on his visual blog.  

Le Regard Sonore Productions designed this fish-like Nautilus for their app and eBook edition of 20,000 Leagues under the Sea. The shark-like prow lacks a toothy mouth, but uses shark's teeth for a chainsaw line of rakers along the top of the bow.  The salon window serves as the shark's eye and the dive planes are set forward as rather small ventral fins.  The small portholes aft of the salon window call to mind a shark's gills.  The fish imagery extends to the tailfin shape of the stern and rudder.  There is a relatively small propeller located below the hull.  The wheelhouse and lantern rise very little from the hull top and are likely depicted withdrawn.  (Thanks to MsToft for telling me about this design.)  

The 0one Games Nautilus, designed by Guido Barbati, is described as very different from Verne's description, being small, more modern, and armed.  Fifty meters long, the hull has an aquatic animal appearance with a fishlike stern, not very different from Harper Goff's, a dorsal fin aft, and what may be ventral fins forward. A nautilus shell motif amidships provides a frame for the pilothouse control room.  The dive planes are incorporated in horizontal fins on the aft hull forward of the tail and aft of the dorsal fin.  Although armed with missiles and torpedoes, this design retains a ram below the bow, and rows of hooked rakers on the hull top and bottom and along the sides. There are very large round windows on each side of the dining room. In this Nautilus the captain and crew appear to have near equal status, using the same dining room.  Each of the ten crew cabins has a large porthole while the captain's and guest cabins do not.  The control room in the hull-top pilothouse has a very large triple view port forward and the design includes a second manual piloting room in the bow with its own bulbous view port.  There may also be large rectangular windows in the lower aft hull below the crew cabins.
     This Nautilus is depicted in detail, including interior plans, in a booklet intended for use in role playing games.  A bonus PDF file has a very nice, large printable poster of the design. The downloadable files are available at a very modest price on the 0one Games-Deep Blues website.

Once more reworking his Nautilus, Frank Chase has added a 19th century look.  He's returned the ram to the hull centerline and restored the small saw-tooth rakers of his original design, above.  A small Goff-honoring arch protects the wheelhouse, enlarged from the previous design.  Frank has moved the lantern forward of the boat.  The boat itself is set inverted into the deck slightly to port, and mounted to a frame that rotates it to the water, similarly to the arrangement at the bottom of my Dinghy page.  The deck hatches are next to the boat on the starboard side of the deck.  Frank has completely reworked the stern, making it more graceful and fish-like.  This design is available as a printable STL model. See it at The Nautilus Drydocks.

This is Alan James' concept of of the Nautilus, as described in the novel. The hull is spindle-shaped and and the mechanical elements are placed more or less per the text.  There is a clear reference to Harper Goff in the saw-tooth rakers atop the forward hull.  The wheelhouse appears also inspired by Goff in its shape, the hint of alligator eyes and the step vents just aft.  The lantern looks very much like the wheelhouse and might include ports as well as a light.  The structure aft of the lantern is likely the boat, placed as Goff did.  The small structure on lower aft hull is probably the diving hatch.  See the original drawing at Etsy.

Illustrator Aleksa Gajic conceived this Nautilus for the Makondo 2013 Serbian edition of 20 000 миља под морем.  The Nautilus appears with slight variations in half of the dozen illustrations.  I based my graphic on parts of an interior plan in one illustration but incorporated features from others.  The design has an interesting double arch ram that extends in front of the hull.  One illustration appears to show a wheelhouse but most show an empty deck.  There is a large salon window approximately amidships and some bulges and fairings on the aft hull one of which looks like an intake.  There appear to be two small ventral fins on the forward lower hull and a large fin aft.  The plan shows a system of at least five propellers in one view and a single prop in another.  Perhaps the others are located in ducts.  The drawing show an oval cross-section wider than it is high.  Click the cover graphic at right to go to the publisher's page, which includes a gallery (galerija) of high-resolution illustrations, or click here for Aleksa Gajic's blog entry that features additional illustrations.

Imagining how Nemo might have changed the Nautilus if he and it had survived the destruction of his Vulcania base at the end of the 1954 movie, Tom Martin (vismus) came up with this variation on Harper Goff's iconic design.  Tom has lowered the profile of the wheelhouse and continued the raker arch over its top.  He's moved the "alligator eye" lights from the top of the wheelhouse to the deck aft of the forward hatch and just forward of the large ports.  The dorsal fin just forward of the deck hatch is gone and a new set of deck rails, not unlike those in Goff's original concept model is added. He's replaced the bulb-nosed ram with a simple triangular cross-section spar as Verne described it in the novel. Tom also made a few less obvious changes such as adding dive lights to the lower hull.  I think Harper would like it.  Tommie has kindly allowed me to post some of his images here.  See a some more Martin re-thought designs just below and here.

Here is a second reimagining of the Nautilus by Tom Martin.  Following the same rationale as his design above, he made a few small changes, perhaps only noticeable by comparing the two images.  The extended raker arch is different and the wheelhouse is smaller, with a different shape.  The "alligator eye" lights are repositioned farther aft.  He's placed a dome viewport just aft of the wheelhouse on a lowered and lengthened breather structure and removed some of the railing to accommodate this.  The ram is more like Goff's but slimmer.  Less visible at this scale is a ring of diving lights around the lower hatch, but the larger prop guard is easy to see.  See a larger image of this design here.

 

"diasparys" has given this Nautilus a wide, graceful ray shape.  The design features a very long barbed spar.  A nod to Goff incorporates an arch with sharp rakers protecting the large wheelhouse.  These continue as a barbed spine running the length of the hull, reminding me a little of ABC Nautilus.  A sparser set of spines are set in the edges of the ray wing sides of the hull, a little like Goff's.  The bulbous  wheelhouse windows are very large, as compared to the single hatch and ladder just aft on the side of the structure.  There are no other features on the hull top and the three images available show only part of one of at least two propeller housings.  There are no views from below, so except for the propeller, the lower hull in my render is purely speculative.  See images of this very nice design at DeviantArt here, here, and here.

This Nautilus by Joseph Bennecelli is clearly derived from Goff's classic but not as graceful in appearnce.  The upper hull is similar but the diving hatch is located well forward and the lower hull appears bloated.  His print (available here) includes a matching interior view that may explain some of the distortion as needed to accommodate the interior as it is featured in the Disney movie.  (Thanks to Mikel Sauve for finding this Nautilus.)

 

JC Carbonel  built this Nautilus by kit-bashing a Glencoe Mars Liner model (the Glencoe kit is a reproduction of an earlier Strombecker Disneyland TWA Moonliner kit).  Carbonel used the fuselage to create a sleek hull, filling in three of the landing leg recesses and extending the stern with part of a different Glencoe rocket kit.  The cockpit canopy was modified to become a low wheelhouse with a single port forward.  The salon observation window is far forward and the small port just above it perhaps a window in Nemo's cabin.  The large organic dive planes (not obvious in my graphic) are set low on the hull just aft of the salon windows.  Carbonel intended the fins and the windows to call to mind an ichthyosaur.  Rather than a deck-mounted lantern this design has a ring of lights on the hull amidships.  There is a long deck atop the hull.  Again not visible, the aft part of the deck has two doors covering a large recess for the boat.  The simple tail includes chains on top to operate the rudder, a large propeller, and the rudder at the very stern.  See detailed photos of the construction at Model Stories.  (Thanks to Ishmael for bringing this Nautilus to my attention.)

Here's another design by artist Walter Pitt Quintin , in this case to illustrate the Nautilus beneath the Antarctic ice.  This robust-looking version has a hefty ram integrated with the bow and topped with a row of raker barbs.  There are two rows of additional barbs along the side of the hull forward and aft of the salon window positioned amidships.  The dive planes are placed well forward.  The cruciform tail is smaller and much less fishlike than Quintin's last design.  This Nautilus looks like it could easily smash an enemy ship.  

 

Prolific Sketchup modeler “JAZ” describes this as his own, “non-canon”, Great White Shark-like version of the Nautilus. Evaluating it on those criteria, the appearance is definitely shark-like, although the dorsal fine is a bit too big and would be better positioned a little farther toward the tail. The salon windows serve well as overlarge eyes and the pivoting dive hatch/ramp is a fair shark jaw. Evaluating it in general as a Nautilus submarine design, there is a large deck atop the hull but no wheelhouse. The control room located under the dorsal fin has a large screen in front of the wheel. The smaller windows on the upper hull look out from a corridor on one side and the galley on the other. There are forward-facing lamps in the very thick pectoral fins that have control surfaces on the trailing edge. The design has a ring-protected main prop in the tail and two smaller props mounted at the base of the pelvic fins. There is no obvious ram. Figures included in JAZ's 3D model indicate this Nautilus is about 135 feet long compared to Verne's 230 feet.
    My only criticism of the design is the overly large dorsal fin and hatch, lifted almost directly from Goff. The image at right shows these components reduced to better match the overall scale of the submarine. The human figure provides a reference.
    

Illustrator Andrea Pucci designed this elaborate Nautilus for the 2013 LuxVide animated Italian TV series Le straordinarie avventure di Jules Verne.  The various concepts he considered in arriving at this design (shown on his blog), feature characteristics of a squid, fish, nautilus, or other marine life motif.  The final design combines elements from these, retaining the nautilus form just discernable in the central hull around the salon window.  Thanks very much to Ishmael who offered that the overall shape of this Nautilus is that of a magic lamp.  Even more insightful  is his suggestion that the barbed spar represents the trident of Shiva, an appropriate weapon considering Nemo's Indian origin as revealed in Mysterious Island.  The large barbed claw-like spar and the large N-emblem tail stand out, but it's easy to get lost in the extensive detail.  An interior plan shows a second salon/observation room in the lowest part of the hull.  This room has a planetarium and orrery, and a platform for Nemo's organ in the center.   There are bays for mini-subs of two sizes.  See a trailer for the Nautilus episode (Ventimila leghe sotto i mari) here.  (Thanks to Lyle Simoneaux for bringing this Nautilus to my attention.)

Tom Martin went even farther re-imagining Harper Goff's classic design with this version of Nemo's rebuild of the Nautilus.   The raised deck and wheelhouse are completely gone, replaced by a mirror replication of the keel profile incorporating the forward deck hatch in the first opening and a new wheelhouse under a rail-protected dome, mimicking the salon window, in the gap.  The mirror keel then continues aft, replacing the Goff's dorsal fin, ending at the aft deck hatch.  From here aft the deck with the pinnace and tail are very like Goff's original.  Tom has made less obvious changes to the forward hull, placing the "alligator eye" lights from the old wheelhouse here, adding breather vents and, with a touch of whimsy, Nemo's crest.  This sinister looking beast is by far my favorite variation on Goff.  See more images of this intriguing Nautilus here.  Tom's earlier reconception is above.

An announcement in late 2013 about the scheduled opening of the Museum of Science Fiction in 2017 included an illustration, attributed to Phil Smith, of Jules Verne's Nautilus, 1:10 replica, planned for the Vehicles Gallery.  Except for the spar-mounted ram, the design is true to the text.  The cigar-shaped hull has rectangular salon windows and a set of large trapezoidal dive planes amidships.  The four-bladed propeller is protected by a ring.  In addition to the ring, the stern supports a large rudder and horizontal fins that may also serve as dive planes.  The wheelhouse has a large oval port forward, two smaller ports one-quarter forward and slightly larger ports on the sides.  A ghosted-in elevation plan shows a boat, not shown in the featured 3/4 cutaway drawing, on the wide deck that extends almost to the lantern, which has at least three lights.  The illustration can be found on several sites, including this one.   

 

~ 2014 ~

This elaborate Nautilus from the Campeones de Verne game, drawn by professional illustrator José David Lanza definitely owes something to Harper Goff and probably to a few others but the design is unique.  The upper rakers on the bow are straight from the Goff version, but here the arch is integrated with the bug-eye pilothouse.  The design has a raised deck amidships, under a possible dual, scary looking, cantilevered, reversed raker arch that merges into the aft bridge superstructure.  The rakers transform from Goff's shape to sharp insectile barbs that run along the extension that overhangs the stern. The lower rakers on the bow just aft of the barbed ram are more ragged than those above and also insectile. They end forward of amidships where there is an unusual transition in the hull, almost as if the bow can separate from the stern.  There are three small portholes on the lower hull and several odd black circular structures.  There is a complex mechanical structure here but I can only imagine its function.  The aft hull has a large Goff-like salon window with two smaller ports just aft.  Other mechanicals are attached to the lower hull and a version of the reverse arch is affixed to the keel, but continuing the sharp insect barb motif.  The only clearly recognizable features are a large anchor and the propeller, although some of the rods might be controls for the large batwing shaped rudder at the stern. Overall this is a distinct, recognizable design.  See the full size artwork here and the game on this web site (both in Spanish).

Not obvious in my standard side view, "Atesta" used a stylized squid shape for this Nautilus.  The tapered hull ends in a flared horizontal tail and giving the design a clearly squid-like appearance from a top or bottom view.  We might consider the vertically symmetrical lattice structure extending from the narrow ram and blended into the hull as representing the squid's arms.  The circular salon window is located far aft as the squid's eye.  There appears to be a short deck atop the hull here with a round lantern just aft.  Farther aft, the design has a complex vaned propeller system forward of the wide tail.  Atesta has posted renders of this Nautilus at nautilussubmarine.com (membership is necessary to view these).

This Nautilus by "D-Sun7" looks more like a prehistoric bottom-feeding creature than a free swimmer, but certainly fits the "sea monster" description.  It evokes some 19th century illustrations of sea creatures, and especially Victorian Era dolphin sculpture.  The bow, with its sharp, upturned, beak-like ram and two large globular salon windows serves as the face of the beast.  The design's ornamental fins on the lower bow and stern complete the look and may have some propulsive or control function as there are no dive planes, rudder, or propeller visible.  A four-sided wheelhouse with a circular port on each side sits atop the hull forward of the long deck.  There is a large, unusual structure with a hatch on its side in the middle of the deck.  This may be a conning tower and may include a forward-facing lantern.  The hull shows two rows of portholes, indicating at lease two internal levels.  A large hatch on the belly of the beast may be a diving hatch large enough to bring in supplies from the sea floor.  

 

Gerard Duffy (Taranis) has created a second, I think more graceful Nautilus version.  As he says, "I wanted to move away from the Harper Goff look as much as I could, and stay as close as I can to most of the descriptions from the book."  This new design has a circular cross-section, smoothly tapered-end, cylindrical hull.  He's retained the raker arch ("I debated for a while about ... the 'Raker', but I feel that it would be useful for protecting the pilot house a little when ramming ships"), but this version is finer than his early design and slopes back smoothly into the wheelhouse structure.  Duffy's moved the launch back a little to the end of the deck.  The vertical and horizontal fins at the stern that support the propeller guard are smaller, complimenting the hull taper.  Compared to the earlier version, the entire design is more unified.  The tapered ram has an octagonal cross-section that transforms naturally into the forward hull fairings.  The upper one joins the raker arch, the next lower pair end at the hull-mounted lamps, the middle pair run along the hull all the way to the recessed salon window wells, the set below this mirror those running to the lamps, and the lower one merges with the keel.  Except for the arch, the fairings have a horizontal saw-tooth design, less brutal than Goff's vertical raker teeth, but still subtly lethal.  See some very nice renderings of this Nautilus on Gerard's blog.   (See Gerard's earlier design above in the Catalog.)

Artist Josef Keller realized this Nautilus by kit-bashing a model of the USS Abraham Lincoln nuclear submarine and adding elements true to the novel.  The slim cigar-shaped hull has a formidable four-bladed ram and oval salon windows positioned per Nemo's description in the text.  The design has large trapezoidal dive planes amidships and a diving hatch on the lower hull.  It features a unique propeller with four T-shaped blades.  The wheelhouse at the forward end of the deck has a large port forward and smaller ports on each side.  The boat is set into the deck amidships with a hatch just aft.  The lantern housing, with is large forward-facing lens, is located at the aft end of the deck.  See a photo of Josef's scratch-built model at nautilussubmarine (membership required).  See many of his Nautilus model photos here.

Mogadore J. Bivouac sketched this "vintage submarine" while waiting in a car repair shop.  The somewhat fish-shaped design looks to have been around a while and undergone quite a bit of repairs itself.  Aside from the toothed rakers atop the beak of a bow and the oval salon window, there's little that can be attributed to Goff.  The sub has a more or less traditional conning tower with masts and periscope but no visible dive planes.  A vertical fin on the keel offsets the tower.  The large scalloped rudder contributes to the fish-like look.  The design is likely smaller than the usual Nautilus as indicated by the size of the deck and diving hatches.  See the original artwork at DeviantArt.

 

 

 

 

Bob Farrell and I exchanged lots of ideas about the Nautilus when I began my Nautilus pages.  Now I'm happy to include Bob's own design.   Although more cylindrical, the hull shape has the rounded stern of Deschamp's design above, and the rectangular salon windows or Ron Miller's.  Both the pilothouse and lantern can be withdrawn into the hull.  Bob has recessed both the main deck between the pilothouse and the lantern, and the fishing deck aft of the lantern, into the hull, to provide level surfaces without protruding from the hull.  The forward deck includes the main hatch and boat.  There are two hatches and lots of space for handling and stowing the catch described in the novel.  The dive planes are configured to fold up into a recess in the hull side for surface running.  See much more and read Bob's thoughts on this Nautilus on his Design Perspective web site.  (This link is to an Internet Archive capture.  Use the black menu par to navigate to the subpages.)

This sleek Nautilus design is by Daniel Amaral.  The graceful spindle-shaped hull has an armored bow to serve as a ram and a large circular salon window in the forward hull.  The dive planes are not where Verne described them, but located on the stern at the ends of graceful horizontal fins.  Similar vertical fins end in a two part rudder.  The four-bladed prop is on the centerline.  The wheelhouse at the forward end of the deck has a large viewport forward, a smaller port on either side and two yet smaller ports facing aft. Unlike the wheelhouse, the forward-facing lantern, located midway along the deck, appears to be retractable.  The configuration aft of the lantern is a little unclear, but I believe the boat is nested the hull just aft with a large hatch aft of that.  See the original artwork at ArtStation here and here.

 

Ian O'Toole's Nautilus is realized in the second edition of the solitaire board game Nemo's War, by Chris Taylor.  Its only obvious design reference is the second generation Nautilus as drawn by Kevin O'Neill in the League of Extraordinary Gentlemen graphic novel series, although the overhead arch resembles a number of other designs.  This Nautilus has an intricately stepped pyramidal ram.  The side tentacle structures wrap around and possibly protect dual salon windows positioned at different levels, suggesting an interesting interior layout.  There's no apparent wheelhouse but the portholes in the superstructure below the raised deck hint at a possible surface control purpose.  There are dive planes on the aft hull and a vertical tail that may serve as a rudder.  The design uses a "hydro drive" rather than a propeller.  The game, which is expected to include a small sculpted game piece of the Nautilus, was scheduled for release by Victory Point Games in December 2015.

This design by artist Walter Pitt Quintin is a little more fishlike than his earlier design featured above.  There is a large window on the upper bow just aft of a hefty ram.  This may be a forward salon or an underwater bridge.  Dive planes are located just below this window.  There's a large dorsal fin at the forward end of the deck and a slope-sided wheelhouse with large oval ports at mid-deck.  The windows on the hull side amidships, the usual position of the salon are smaller than the forward ports and no larger than those on the wheelhouse.  The hull tapers to a cruciform tail with a fishlike appearance from the side.   The horizontal fins probably incorporate aft dive planes.  

~ 2015 ~

Grigory Smirnov's Nautilus seems small and lacks the proportions described in the novel but is easily recognizable as Verne's classic submarine.  The main characteristic of the design is the extent of elaborate decoration, only some of which I've mimicked in my graphic.  This Nautilus has a simple cigar-shaped hull with a small ram at the bow and a small propeller at the stern.  The very large salon window, the focus of the design, contrasts with three smaller ports located along the side trim nearer the stern.  There are three much smaller ports on the lower hull.  When compared to the deck railing these small ports are seen to be proportionally large and the salon window becomes enormous.  The large wheelhouse has large canted ports facing forward and one on each side.  There is a large hatch amidships in the deck that stretches far aft over the rudder.  Two-thirds of the way along the deck another structure, with aft-facing ports, appears to be something other than a lantern housing.  See Smirnov's Nautilus stock image at Dreamstime.

Ocram62 conceived this Nautilus in the form of a fish.  It has some shark-like elements but to me it seems more tropical fish-like.  It has a long, rather fragile-looking spar, but a row of punishing saw-tooth rakers along the top of the bow.  What might be torpedo tubes or perhaps on the water canons mentioned in the novel on either side of the rakers.  A pair of forward-facing searchlights are positioned just aft of these.  The wheelhouse, shaped a little like Goff's, with large round ports on the angled sides is located at the forward end of a deck that runs along the hull almost to the very long tail that ends in a graceful fin.  There are two pairs of windows on sides of the hull.  The larger pair is just forward of the wheelhouse and the smaller, angled forward are approximately amidships, forward of a large diving hatch on the hull bottom.  The design has dual four-bladed props under the tail and a large rudder.  This Nautilus is smaller than the size Verne described but has very large fins for control.  The forward pair appear to be articulated so they might be flapped to aid in propulsion.  You can examine and download this model at Sketchfab.

Wayne Orlicki designed this Nautilus with the intention of staying true to Nemo's killer ramming submarine concept while avoiding copying Goff's classic elements.  Well, there's still a little Goff there, especially in the reverse arch at the stern,  but it's camouflage  mimicry.  The Nautilus admirer sees a sleeker, cleaner version of the Nautilus with a beefy arch, but wait a minute ... it's going the other way!  "He didn't miss me; he's attacking!"  The lethal ram on this boat is not at the bow, but above the extended wheelhouse near the stern in the form of a massive keel-breaking hook.  The entire submarine is a weapon, from the reinforced bow to the shielding arch that runs nearly the whole length of the submarine, designed to bring the target's keel to that murderous hook.  There is a small boat, identical to Goff's, mounted in the aft end of the deck, on the port side of the arch.  The salon windows, located almost amidships, are recessed into the hull side for protection.  The diving hatch, below the wheelhouse on the lower port-side hull, has sliding doors (shown open in the graphic).  The dive planes are combined with the rudders in a V-tail "ruddervator" arrangement just aft of the twin propellers.  See larger images of Wayne's Nautilus and read his commentary at nautilussubmarine.com (registration required for access).

The fourth reimagining of Goff's classic by master Nautilus kit basher Tom Martin resembles his previous version (here) but extends Nemo's arsenal with high-powered armor-piercing harpoon launchers.  The bow of this design resembles the last.  The ram is still there as are the rakers, augmented by a second larger set on the aft end of arch, inspired by Wayne O's vicious hook, above.  The harpoon launch tubes, two on the port side, one starboard, are mounted on the upper hull.  The forward hatch under the arch and the aft hatch at the end of the hatch are retained from the previous version but the glass helmsman's dome amidships is gone.  This Nautilus has periscopes, a fixed one used on the surface by the helmsman and a second raisable one for Nemo's scouting  use submerged.  Tom has relocated Goff's breather vents to the aft deck, just forward of the skiff.  The stern is unchanged.  See larger images of this Nautilus here.

Artist Bin Li designed this Nautilus as part of a sculpture depicting a giant squid attacking the submarine.  His concept drawings show he tried various more-or-less fishlike shapes for the Nautilus reaching this armored, less-organic design.  There is a slight resemblance to Goff's classic in the spar, the lower raker barbs, the salon window, and the superstructure, although this is moved farther aft and has no viewports.  Instead the the pilothouse is in the bow with three round ports on each side.  The salon window mount is more angular, with fewer lights.  There appears to be a row of three smaller ports on the side of the upper hull aft of the superstructure.  There are two fin-like control or stabilization surfaces on the side of the hull forward of the salon window.  The less fishlike tail with its dual in-line propellers bears little resemblance to Goff.  See images of the concept art, the sculpture, and even download a file to print it yourself at the Thingiverse.

Australian artist Wild Bill Flowers (Snake-Artist) uses this Nautilus in several of his 20,000 Leagues under the Sea illustrations.  His fish-shaped design owes a little to Goff in the saw tooth vertical fins but is mostly original.   It has a long sharp spar, sharper than I've shown, that smoothly transitions into the finned keel and upper fairing.  The pilot house, with large circular ports on its front and sides, resembles the conning tower of a 20^th century submarine, including masts.  There's a deck area just aft of this structure with a saw-tooth finned bulwark on either side.  The hull sides have an organic ornamentation motif from bow to stern, resembling a tentacled sea creature.  The ornamentation incorporates the large free-form salon window.  The propeller, if that's the propulsion mechanism, is hidden in a cylindrical duct at the stern.  No dive planes are evident, but dual ventral fins probably provide control.  See one of Snake-Artist's illustrations at DeviantArt.

Author/illustrator William O'Connor created this Nautilus for the Sterling Illustrated Classics 2015 edition of 20,000 Leagues under the Sea.  The design has a cylindrical hull with conical ends and an internal layout that follows Verne's description in the novel.  The sturdy, harpoon point-like ram is backed by fluted cone structure to carry the force of a ram attack into the hull structure.  This and other details give this Nautilus a steampunk appearance.   The forward deck is protected by a bulwark that becomes a railing about a third of the way aft.  The cylindrical wheelhouse with four ports is retractable so that its cap is flush with the deck behind the bulwark.  The boat is set into the deck just aft of the circular main hatch.  The lantern, with a structure similar to wheelhouse, is also partly retractable.  The lantern cylinder is capped with a tapered extension so that the light itself, which may be rotatable, is raised to project above the wheelhouse.  Circular salon windows are located fairly forward on the hull at the forward conic transition and the large dive planes are mounted forward of amidships.  There are smaller stabilizing fins on the aft hull conic section.  The dive hatch is recessed in the hull bottom, and not visible in my side view.  The aft hull ends with symmetric vertical fins with a large two-part rudder.  The medium-sized four-bladed propeller is located at the very stern.  O'Connor has embellished this Nautilus with many details such as ballast and steam vents, as well as the waterspout vents mentioned in the novel.
   The richly illustrated and beautifully printed book has only one unfortunate flaw: the text is Lewis Mercier's incomplete and error-filled public domain translation.  If the publisher had stepped up to one of the vastly superior modern translations it would be perfect, if a bit more expensive.  But as it is I still heartily recommend it for O'Connor's beautiful illustrations, which are true to Jules Verne's novel.  My simple side view doesn't do justice to this Nautilus. You can preview some of the pages and purchase the book on amazon.com.
   (Thanks to Dean Peteet for bringing this Nautilus to my attention.)

 

This elegant Nautilus by H I Sutton modifies or replaces some of the features but retains the basic concept described by Nemo in the novel.  The design features double-hull construction not obvious in this side view but apparent in the cutaway on Sutton's Nautilus web page.  There is a sharp ramming spar on the conical bow.  The circular salon windows are inset in the outer hull and further protected by triangular fins.  A curved arch protects the cylindrical pilothouse that is mounted atop the hull.  Two large pilothouse ports are projected by grid work.  Decking is attached to the hull beginning just forward of the pilothouse and extending to a conning tower-like structure that serves as a station for the surface watch crew.  This structure has a rather fragile looking filigree arch, that if wide enough might protect the air intake and extendable searchlight.  The boat is set in the deck forward of this arch and the main hatch is located in the center of the deck.  There is a diving hatch on the side of the lower hull below the main hatch.  The dive planes are located at about the pilothouse position below the centerline and protected by fairings.  There are small twin propellers and a large double rudder that forms a fish-like tail.  Read about more about this Nautilus and see some beautiful high-resolution images of both the exterior and interior design on Sutton's Nautilus page.

The Craig Francis and Rick Miller environmentally-aware stage production of Twenty Thousand Leagues under the Sea features this Nautilus, attributed to Craig Francis and Irina Litvinenko of Kidoons in its associated multimedia material.  The design has a large conical ram and a cylindrical hull with organic characteristics.  The closed-iris salon window could be a creature's eye, the large dive planes, fins, and the stern steps down like the layers of a carapace to a finned tail with a large four-bladed prop.  What might have been a wheelhouse on the bow is more likely a large lantern to augment the downward-tilted lights on the lower bow.  The helmsman may use a periscope, shown withdrawn, for navigation.  There's an oval window below the salon and a row of large ports amidships on the upper hull.  A very small dorsal fin is just forward of the deck that includes a hatch.  The row of circular structures on the lower hull aft of the dive plane may be associated with the engine room.  This (slow-loading) resource guide from the 2016 New Victory Theater production includes an image of this Nautilus.   (Thanks to Lyle Simoneaux for pointing out this design.)

"Plush Hyena of Doom" (PHoD) created Nautilus for a content challenge on the BioWare game forum.  It derives from Goff's Disney design as so many do, but diverges in a more organic direction.  The ram is very long but the hull itself is foreshortened.  The dive hatch is located farther forward and the aft keel like the dorsal fin is more fish fin-like.  Similarly, the tail is more symmetrical, enclosing a relatively small two-bladed propeller.

 
 

Rather than imitate or reference Goff's iconic design several folk have modified it so it's still recognizable as Goff's but different.  This is Chris Holtorf (Chris2009)'s reimagining of Goff's Nautilus.  Most obvious in the small elevation view here is the triangular dart-like ram.  There is a deck rail and a new hatch atop the wheelhouse.  The tail looks different from the original, but less obvious in the side view, the hull has a circular cross-section and, more importantly, this design has dual propellers.  The image at right shows the propellers, which Chris based on a period patent, and the articulated rudder.  See high-resolution images of Chris's Rhino model work-in-progress and read some commentary in this Nautilus Submarine.com thread (free membership required).  
 

"TheCeladon" has subtly re-imagined Harper Goff's classic Nautilus.  At first look it's a faithful reproduction, but as you examine the details, most of which aren't visible in my small image, differences emerge.  Most noticeable, Goff's bulb-ended spur has been replaced by a longer, chisel-like spike that emulates the polygonal cross-section of the hull.  The wheelhouse windows now resemble the faceted salon window frames, which also differ from Goff's.  These and the matching light assemblies are inspired by the International Space Station Cupola module.  Not so obvious in the side view, the tail differs significantly.  This Nautilus has a more conventional four-bladed propeller enclosed in a nicely integrated cylindrical shroud assembly.  Goff's simple if functional prop guard looks like an afterthought by comparison.  The rudder is the entire vertical tail and TheCeladon has replaced the small side-strake-mounted dive planes with large fin-like planes just forward of the tail, visible in the image at right.  The images here don't do justice to the the intricate details of this Nautilus, modeled in Sketchup.  You can see high-res images and read some of the designer's thoughts in this Nautilus Submarine.com thread (free membership required).  The nameplate is a nice touch, and look for the mermaid sculpture on the hull.  TheCeleadon has made his SketchUp 3D Nautilus available at the 3D Warehouse.

This Nautilus by Malcolm Brown starts with a few features of Goff's design and finishes with something new.  The bulb-tipped spar is transformed into a barbed harpoon.  The forward rakers remain but the open arch and forward deck are gone and the entire wheelhouse, with large bug-eye windows, is integrated with the rakers atop the bow.  Goff's curved dorsal fin is transformed to a large straight-edged triangle.  The large hemispherical structure at the end of the deck may be a large hatch, or something else.  The tubes running aft on the upper hull may have a specific purpose or, like odd-shaped plates bolted to the hull side, may be more decorative than functional.  The keel, nicely modified from Goff, has a gap for a large dive hatch and more rakers on the stern.  Brown has relocated the anchors from Goff's forward position.  In addition to the large salon window, there are three smaller ports forward and two rows of even smaller ports, implying three decks for this Nautilus.  Ishmael, who brought this design to my attention, believes it is much smaller than most, with only two decks.  He thinks the dorsal fin may have a dual v-shaped configuration.  The tail has a straight trailing edge and is therefore similar to and different from Goff's.  This Nautilus is somewhat shorter and more fish-shaped than the classic.  See the nicely rendered original artwork by Brown (Ravenscar45) at DeviantArt.

This is "mikedp"'s take on Goff's iconic Nautilus.  He's kept the general appearance but replaced the vertical rakers with what appears to be a cable-stabilized set of heavy cogs.  The wheelhouse is similar to Goff's but has a third globular viewport on top and narrow spines replace the breather panels.  The oval salon windows are proportionally larger compared to a shorter total length.  The stylized tail, fancier that the classic one, ends with a small propeller.  Overall this is a heftier if slightly smaller Nautilus than in the film, but I'd have some concerns about its integrity in a ram attack.  Mikedp's Nautilus is available for Sketchup here.
 

Concept artist Grant Regan wanted his Nautilus to show the sleek cigar shape described in the novel but have features consistent with real late 19^th century submarine development.  From the side the design appears spindle-shaped, but the hull cross-section is more of a flattened diamond with triangular fairing running its full length, interrupted only by the salon windows.  This fairing constitutes an outer hull and contains the ballast tanks.  The narrow bow features a slender spar, a ram not unlike that of Greg DeSantis' design, seen above.  Large dive planes are located far forward on the bow.  Just aft of the planes, one of three hatches is positioned atop the hull.  A wide deck rises aft of the hatch.  Situated in the middle of the deck, the retractable wheelhouse has two large ports looking forward and one aft.  Just aft is the main hatch and then the dingy, set in the deck athwartships, above the salon.  Deviating from the novel, Regan has located Nemo's cabin recessed into the deck aft of the boat.  Not visible in my side view, the cabin has small ports on its sides.  The large three-part salon window is set into the main hull where the wide outer hull fairing is interrupted amidships.  The fairing flares out into horizontal fins at the tail, mimicking the Goff-like vertical fins.  The tail has a four-bladed propeller just forward of a cylindrical prop guard and a small rudder.  The dive hatch is located in the lower hull just aft of the salon.  See Grant's beautiful illustration of the Nautilus attacked by a kraken at Art Station.

When the Abyss Observatory museum in Second Life moved, it lost Reitsuki Kojima’s Nautilus.  Unable to restore that Nautilus, Hajime Nishimura and members of Abyss designed this replacement following Jules Verne's description.  The new design features a spindle-shaped hull with a triangular cross-section ram at the bow and a four-bladed propeller at the stern.  The keel extends aft providing a mounting surface for the rudder.  The large oval salon windows are inset in the hull just forward of the dive planes, which are forward of amidships.  A low deck is centered on the hull with the wheelhouse at the forward end and a smaller lantern housing at the aft end.  Both of these can be withdrawn into the hull.  The design has two dinghies, one on either side of the main hatch.  The Abyss Nautilus has a complete interior, detailed with careful attention to Verne's text.  See high resolution images of the exterior and interior of this Nautilus, interior layout drawings, and some background on the design on the Abyss Observatory website.

~ 2016 ~

The on-line nautical art shop Naut'Line that features this Nautilus doesn't directly identify the artist but it may be Jérôme Delaunay.  The hull is spindle shaped and features a sturdy blunt ram and a heavy keel.  The wheelhouse, situated at the forward end of the deck, has a large port on each side.  The structure at the aft end of the deck has a lens or glass facing aft.  The poster actually shows light shining from the wheelhouse forward port.  The large oval salon is located about as described in the novel and dive planes are approximately amidships.  A second, smaller set of places are located farther aft.  A relatively small propeller is set in the sleek vertical tail.  

Artist "DoctorChevlong" included this Nautilus is a drawing of Nemo and another diver walking on the ocean bottom.  The design has a somewhat bulbous spindle-shaped hull.  A trapezoidal wheelhouse with four globular ports is located atop the forward hull.  There is a large circular salon window amidships and numerous smaller ports located on two or three levels on the hull side.  There are no dive planes visible but a small rudder is positioned aft of a small propeller assembly.  See the original artwork at DeviantArt.

 

 

DoctorChevlong" modified his Nautilus in another drawing referring to the League of Extraordinary Gentlemen graphic novel by Alan Moore and Kevin O'Neill. This design may be smaller than the earlier one and the wheelhouse is moved farther aft.  There are several openings, perhaps associated with ballast tanks, added to the top of the hull but the major change is a giant squid shape in raised relief on the hull side, incorporating the salon window as its eye.  As the artist says in his commentary, this is clearly a reference to the much larger squid-shaped Nautilus 2 of the graphic novel.  Other features the earlier design are retained.  See this original artwork at DeviantArt.

 

 

Harry Duksch conceived this graceful new and different Nautilus.  The profile shows some obvious allusions to Goff but the overall appearance is graceful while retaining some lethality in the saw-tooth prow.  The larger vertical arches of this ram would apply the major force in and attack, the smaller horizontal pair serving to protect the submarine's side fins and salon window housings.  The hull is more or less spindle shaped with the maximum diameter appearing to be well aft.  The retractable wheelhouse, except for the forward arch with its two lights, resembling Goff's only slightly, has two larger forward-facing ports and two smaller ports on each side, one of which is in a hatch.  The salon window similarly resembles Goff's from a distance, but is mechanically distinct when examined up close.  The hull has a large keel, again reminiscent of Goff, but there are two dive hatches, the aft one significantly larger.  There is a row of lights on the lower hull alongside the keel, a practical consideration on this Nautilus, which is obviously designed with underwater activity in mind.  The stern differs very much from Goff and from most of the other designs in the catalog.  A lower vertical fin incorporates a long rudder.  Two other similarly shaped fins attached to the upper hull 120 degrees from the lower one emphasize the grace of the overall shape.  The wavy blades of the large propeller assembly remind me of flowing kelp or perhaps a jellyfish.  Combined with the fins these give this design an organic look.
     In the novel Nemo mentions to Aronnax that he could have generated his electrical power directly from seawater but chose what he thought was the simpler approach of processing coal that he mined underwater.  Duksch's design takes that step beyond Verne, using a blue energy osmosis process to extract power from the sea itself.

Of concept designer/illustrator Simon Murton's two Nautilus designs, I prefer this one.  The sleek hull has a fishlike shape, the long observation window on the lower bow, evoking a squinting shark eye.  Looking aft past the stylized gill slits, large dive planes extend from the keel, resembling pectoral fins.  A line of three round ports on the centerline amidships would be the salon windows.  Just below and aft two-stage vaned propellers provide propulsion.  The hull, with smaller shark-like fins tapers and ends with a large tail.  Horizontal fins might have additional dive planes and winglets at their ends might include rudders.  The long arch and small barbs on it and along the leading edge of the keel are a nod to Harper Goff.  The superstructure at the end of the arch has a round port on either side and a forward-facing lantern on top.  My graphic doesn't do justice to the original artwork.   

This second Nautilus by Simon Murton resembles a prehistoric, armored fish.  The lower hull forms a low ram like an undershot jaw.  Just above that large observation windows could be a set of eyes.  The lower hull flares out with a set of three ports at the widest part.  Farther aft, there is a non-traditional propulsion system with large vaned rotating parts on either side of the base of the segmented tail.  The large finlike superstructure atop the hull is a wheelhouse/conning tower with the ports forming another set of eyes. The tower has a set of dive planes on the sides and a row of spikes near is aft end.  Fins on the lower tail might also act as planes. I do find the upper hull a little jarring, looking like a car that might roll off the lower hull onto a beach.  A front view included in the illustration on Murton's web site reveal that the large view ports at the bow are angled, looking much less like wheels.  

Not typical of her style, art student LumenGlace (Christy) included this Nautilus in an assignment she did for a perspective class.  The hull is spindle shaped with a sharp ram.  There are five large windows of different sizes, one of which has an iris shutter not unlike the Disney salon window.  This closed window has a ring of lights, giving it additional significance the largest window doesn't have.  There is a ring of other lights around the stem that appear to point forward.  There's a rounded wheelhouse with what looks like a forward canopy window and a line of ports on the side.  No dive planes are obvious.  There are two fins or fairings along the keel, with a small propeller mounted at the end of the aft-most of these.  The design has an elaborate fish-like tail with with what looks like a beacon at the tip of the upper fin.  There appears to be a sort of ring structure where the tail joins the hull, but it's almost completely hidden by a tentacle of the truly giant squid in the artwork, so I've made no attempt to render it here.  See Christy's original artwork at DeviantArt. 
 

The Gakken Plus Japanese edition of 20,000 Leagues, with manga illustrations by Yo Fujishiro. features this Nautilus.  It has a nasty, steampunk can-opener ram with a Goff-inspired raker arch joining it to the top of the hull.  There is a long wheelhouse with two large globular ports just above the end of the arch and what appears to be a glass-enclosed gallery running aft.  A wide deck begins approximately amidships and extends almost to the cable-supported tail.  Dive planes are mounted on the large cylindrical propeller shroud.  The tail terminates with an intricate two-part rudder.  The polygonal cross-section hull has features of both the Goff classic and Greg deSantis' Improbable Nautilus, but is proportionally longer with larger hemispherical, almost churchlike, salon windows.  See images of this Nautilus or even purchase the Japanese-language paperback at Amazon. (Thanks to Gen who found this Nautilus and posted it at Nautilus Submarine.)
 

Mike Gosda created this armored Nautilus design as a scratch-built model.  The angular flat-plate hull, inspired perhaps by Greg deSantis' Improbable Nautilus (the tail is a near copy), has many features of an earlier steampunk submarine waterline model built by Gosda.  The wheelhouse, with a large globular port on each side, forms the forward end of the deck.  There are two hatches on the deck, one forward and one aft.  There is a narrow side fairing running the length of the hull, broken only by the salon window located amidships.  There is no sign of dive planes.  The aft hull narrows to the sweeping fish tail and a three-bladed prop protected by a circular ring.  Except possibly for the tail and the small, fragile-looking ram, the overall form of this design is brutal and tank-like.  I think the impression from the deck of a target ship if this Nautilus were bearing down on it, would be of a frightening armored fish monster.  

The Nautilus in the ad for the Living a Book publication El Capitán Nemo y el Nautilus by JL Knight appears to be derived from the "Sword of the Sea" from the movie League of Extraordinary Gentlemen, but brings that design in line with Jules Verne's text.  There is a tall sharp prow with elaborate scrollwork decoration.  The cylindrical hull lacks large salon windows, substituting long rows of small ports.  There is a lower deck under the bow with more widely separated ports that might house the salon.  A decorated section on the hull bottom just aft of this deck might include a dive hatch.  The narrow prow disappears into a separate upper hull segment with dive planes at the forward end and a tail pilothouse/bridge at the aft end.  The scrollwork-decorated stern narrows to a cylindrical section with vertical fins that appears to protect a propeller.  A second set of planes is positioned at the narrow transition to this section.  
     Lyle Simoneaux points out similarities of this design to Auguste Piccard's 1964 PX-8 submarine indicating it may have been influenced the illustrator's design.

This is Josef Keller's take on the Harrayhausen Nautilus in the 1961 Mysterious Island.  In the film, we only see it above the waterline, so Joe was free to imagine the rest of the submarine.  Compare Joe's design to my interpretation of the film original, above.  He's added a elegantly turned ram and divided the hull into three discrete parts.  Following the Goff classic the flying double arch here begins at the bow and is placed outside the lower arch.  Again like Goff, there is a complimentary set of rakers on the lower hull and a unique abstract sea turtle silhouette salon window.  There's a dive hatch within a double set of fins on the lower hull, mirroring the sets of double arches above the waterline.  Joe has added a large four-bladed propeller in a nicely shaped tail.  The superstructure differs in some details from the film version, but otherwise is true to it.  See photos of this impressive scratch built model in this thread at nautilussubmarine (membership required); the first photos of this model are in the 7^th entry near the end of the page.  There are more photos on the second page.   Josef has posted photos of all his models on this page of his Airbrush Artwork web site.

Gunnar C. has done some pencil and watercolor artwork that feature this Nautilus.  The design is fishlike with a large triangular cross-section bladed ram surrounding the bow.  The large salon window is in line with the trapezoidal wheelhouse at the forward end of a slightly raised deck that includes the dinghy amidships.  The lantern housing at the aft end includes a semicircular retracting mechanism.  There are large dive planes amidships and a large finned tail with a multi-bladed propeller.  The lower fin appears to be a large rudder.  Gunnar has added two smaller portholes on the aft hull side for the crew.  He says "to have them live their lives aboard the ship and have no access to the view outside the sub would be cruel".  The structure on the lower hull is a retractable airlock for divers.  It has a similar retraction mechanism to the lantern housing.  There are some small differences among the depictions of this Nautilus, the most notable being a tall lantern, similar to a few designs in the catalog, just forward of the housing in the line drawings.  See the original artwork on Gunnar's FantasyfaxXD tumblr site.

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This Nautilus by Josef Keller has a double, v-form saw-tooth arch, like Harryhausen's. The design features an ornate ram with colored running lights on either side.  The bow is a hexagonal cross-section frame with flat glowing panels.  Let's assume that Nemo has rigged the hull plates to glow during an attack.  The bow frame has a serrated fairing on either side. The main hull has a polygonal cross-section and protruding salon window housings located above the centerline, protected by serrated cutwaters.  The nicely turned stern tapers to the the large four-bladed prop set in a gracefully finned tail.  There are similarly curved fins at the centerline on the aft portion of the main hull.  The bow arches rise to protect a rectangular wheelhouse with a sloped front.  There is a large forward-looking port and one on on each side.  The deck has a Goff-like serrated dorsal fin just forward of the deck hatch.  See photos of this found-object, scratch-built model in this thread at nautilussubmarine (membership required).  He has posted photos of all his models on this page of his Airbrush Artwork web site.

This Nautilus, designed by Paolo Venturi and seen in the Dark Waters episode of the ABC TV series Once Upon a Time, is almost Harper Goff's design but examination reveals small and larger differences.  The raker teeth are smaller and shaped differently and the arch is thinner than Goff's.  The wheelhouse alligator-eye lights are gone and there's a platform with railings atop it.  There are deck railings alongside the aft section of the wheelhouse and on the aft deck starting at the hatch.  Goff's dorsal fin is gone.  Although the skiff appears to be there it seems it's more of an elevated deck plaform.  The salon window with its ring of lights is almost the same but there are two large ports just aft.  The symmetrical tail differs from Goff's; it includes horizontal fins and a sort of prop guard cage protecting a four-bladed propeller.  (My graphic, without the prop, is an approximation based on some screenshots from the program.)  See the screenshots at nautilussubmarine (membership required) and a nice graphic of this Nautilus at the bottom of this page on Paolo's ArtStation site.  

Anthony Testa took the sperm whale as inspiration for this Nautilus, an appropriate monster when we refer to Verne's text.  In the chapter "Cachalots and Whales" Nemo says of sperm whales (cachalots), "terrible animals ... they are cruel, mischievous creatures".  Like Moby Dick ramming the Pequod, the whale's head, lined with a row of rakers, rather than a spar, is the weapon of destruction of this Nautilus.  There are two sets of dive planes, one set on the lower surface of the bow, pectoral fins, and the other on the horizontal tail, the whale's flukes.  The rudder is set on the bottom of the stern.  The design has a double annular propeller just forward of tail.  There are two hatches, the main hatch in the whale's spine in the aft section of the hull, just forward of the boat.  The dive hatch is in the keel, almost directly below the deck hatch.  The only window, situated amidships, is that for the salon.   There is no protruding wheelhouse; outside vision for navigation is via a system of sensors and mirrors atop the hull.  The lantern is located on the tall pole rising from the tail.   

Prolific modeler Josef Keller built this steam-powered Nautilus model, once again taking advantage of various mechanical parts.  The design has a cylindrical hull with a large keel that turns up into the rudder mount aft of the large multi-vaned fan propeller.  The large salon window is set deep in the side within a stylized plate that might represent a fish going after a bait ball, the smaller port just aft.  Thick curved fin dive planes are located amidships.  Two stiff braided cables form a double arch to the ornate superstructure that's topped with a substantial lantern.  The oval deck has a hatch just aft of the superstructure and a curved smokestack that can be closed for running underwater.  By my count this is the fourth explicitly steam-powered Nautilus in the catalog.  See photos of this scratch-built model in this thread at nautilussubmarine (membership required).  Josef has posted photos of all his models on this page of his Airbrush Artwork web site.
 

Clearly inspired by Goff's classic, professional designer and illustrator Tony Campagna's Nautilus differs in many ways.  The hull is longer and much more organic, even bulbous, than the Disney submarine and the ram, encompassing the whole bow, is more substantial.  The rakers are somewhat clunkier, with the lower set replaced by two rows placed at an angle on the lower hull.  The side fairing continues aft of the rakers past the salon window where it continues aft as the hull narrows considerably.  There are no obvious dive planes but room for a set at the end of these fairings.  A six-bladed propeller is located within a protective ring attached to a very Goff-like tail.  The wheelhouse, aft of the raker arch that looks less substantial than the other rakers, has large globular ports on its angled sides and a smaller one on its front face.  There are two small and one large hatch on the long deck.  See Tony's original artwork at DeviantArt and download a printable 3D model from TinkerCAD.
(Thanks to Mikel Sauve who brought this design to my attention.)

This sleek Nautilus built by Josef Keller began life as a Zeppelin model.  Clearly inspired by the Goff classic, this design, intended for exploration and not battle, lacks the imposing raker teeth of the original.  The upper vertical fairing forms a graceful flying arch, perhaps intended for breaking through ice in the polar regions.  The horizontal fairing curves gently into the hull just forward of the round salon window.  The lower, nicely curved fairing is interrupted for the divers' hatch before continuing to the Goff-like tail.  The eight-bladed propeller has no guard.  The wheelhouse has oval ports on the canted forward sides, flatter than the classic, and is simpler overall.  There is a low, sail-like fin at the end of the deck, just aft of the hatch, similar to horizontal fins on the stern.  See a photo of Joe's model at nautilussubmarine (free membership needed).  Josef has posted photos of all his models on this page of his Airbrush Artwork web site.

Bob Martin started with Greg Sharpe's original Nautilus (1990 above) and while more or less keeping to Jules Verne's description he added some new elements and incorporated some of Harper Goff's concepts.  This Nautilus has an elevated deck with two searchlights at its forward end.  The wheelhouse is similar to Goff's but has a large forward looking viewport and a smaller one on each side.  Bob has adopted Goff's skiff position at the aft end of the deck but replaced the skiff with an electric minisub that can be entered from within the Nautilus, like Verne's sail-powered canot.  The minisub can be configured for surface running.  Like the wheelhouse ports, the salon windows are spherical for strength and protected during ram attacks by protruding shields.  See illustrations of Bob's digital and physical prototypes at nautilussubmarine (free membership required).

Artist Jeffrey Thompson has included this Nautilus in several of his woodcut images.  The elaborate Victorian design features somewhat fanciful ram with several Goff-homage barbs.  The deck has a long, low wheelhouse and a similar, smaller lantern, aft.  The hull narrows and then flares into an asymmetrical fishtail with flourishes similar to the ram.   The prop is appropriately Verne-sized.  The hull features a large circular salon window and a line of smaller ports extending aft to the tail.   

 

 

Artist Ana Sofia Chi depicted this very whale-like "undersea expeditions" Nautilus in a drawing surrounded by whales.  Verne's Nautilus was mistaken for a sea monster by eye witnesses who have never seen anything like it; this Nautilus looks like a whale in order to explore their habitat.  But for its fin-like dive pane located amidships it has little to do with Verne.  There are are ports of different sizes on the forward hull, perhaps two hatches on the upper hull and a diving hatch on the side.  There may be a light on the aft tip of the dorsal fin.  Unless the whale's tail is articulated there's no indication of the propulsion system.  Not too much Verne, but interesting nonetheless.  See Ana Sofia's original artwork at DeviantArt.

 

Josef Keller built this ornate Nautilus starting again from a Zeppelin model.  What looks like the wheelhouse at the forward end of the deck is actually the searchlight housing.  The wheelhouse, with its large trapezoidal side windows, is inset in the forward hull below the circular sawtooth arch.  The deck features a raised bulwark aft of the searchlight housing.  The main hatch, not visible behind the bulwark, is located at the end of the deck aft of the sawtooth dorsal fin.  The design features elaborate ornamentation from the nicely turned ram to the curvy tail with its multi-bladed propeller.  Like many of Keller's scratch built models, this Nautilus is rigged so that the many portholes and and lights illuminate and continue to glow when power is removed.  See a photo of Joe's model at nautilussubmarine (free membership needed).  He has posted photos of all his models on this page of his Airbrush Artwork web site.

Going back to the novel, but adding his own touches and drawing on Goff, "andrewsbestship" created this Nautilus as a 3D model.  The spindle-shaped hull has fairings running along the sides and bottom all the way to the tail fins and atop the hull to the wheelhouse.  The fairings are adorned with very Goff-like rakers along the keel up to the wheelhouse and a short distance along the sides.  The wheel house has window sets at the forward and aft ends and midway, including on top.  A raised deck with small and large hatches and a lantern about three quarters of the way aft ends with a boat in Goff's position, but entered from inside the submarine, as in the novel.  The boat top has four windows.  The side fairing breaks about a quarter of the way aft for rectangular salon windows forward of large swept back dive planes.  The designer as has added small propeller units in the side fairings amidships "that can act as turbines" to provide power or motors for more speed or control.  The tail structure has additional small dive planes, encloses a large five-bladed prop and ends with a large rudder.  The hull has two rows of small ports and a dive hatch in the keel directly below the hatch to the boat.  The model, available at 3D Warehouse, has a very detailed interior.
(Thanks to Lyle Simoneaux who pointed out this design.)

~ 2017 ~

CapStrax" has re-imagined the Nautilus as a spaceship for the Space Engineers game.  Granted it's not a submarine, but this design is based on and so resembles the Goff classic that it qualifies for the catalog.  Retaining Goff's look, the design is bigger but less elegant with straighter lines. The ram appears almost flimsy, but the saw-toothed rakers would be effective.  The wheelhouse is more massive and set on a recessed deck.  The salon window is there, with the familiar pattern of lights.  The overall steampunk look of the original is gone, replaced by Star Wars detail appropriate to the game.  If Nemo had been born into this universe, this might have been his vessel.  

 
 

This elaborate variation of the classic design, by "Shaduf", evokes an ornamental fish with diaphanous fins.  Harper Goff's basic form is still there, but Shaduf has added many more view ports, especially for a large viewing gallery below the bow.  A slightly smaller dome below the filigree arch hints at a compartment with a glass ceiling.  These new ports are not practical for a warship, so although the pointed ram remains, perhaps Nemo has turned exclusively to exploration.  The wheelhouse remains, almost unchanged, as does the salon window, but with a different light pattern.  The dorsal fin is very large and more fishlike and the boat compartment has been replaced with more filigree.   Perhaps consistent with the new more peaceful purpose of this Nautilus, the four-bladed prop is no longer protected by a ring.  See Shaduf's original artwork at DeviantArt.

 

In the text accompanying his art work, multimedia artist Dani Lebeaux (Raining Crow) laments the fact that so many depictions of the Nautilus resemble the Disney version, and sets about to create one that's true to the spirit of the novel and doesn't draw on Harper Goff for inspiration.  Looks like he succeeded.  "Designed to resemble an aquatic animal", Lebeaux's Nautilus has a cigar-shaped hull that is narrower than it is high (of course not noticeable in my side view - in fact, from the top the shape might be a squid).  He's moved the salon window forward to resemble an eye and the design has both a dorsal and anal fin.  A pair of triangular dive planes are forward, just beneath the salon windows.  There's a pair of much larger, trapezoidal fins aft that may be a second set of dive planes. The sword-like ram is set high, almost at deck level, with a triangular shield to protect the windows of the wheelhouse.  There's a surface bridge atop the tower just aft of the wheelhouse and a smaller structure at the aft end of deck.  This design either has two propellers on the same shaft or some exotic propulsion system.  I've left out many details in my graphic of Lebeaux's design, including the hull seams resulting from its manufacture in different factories for secret assembly by Nemo and his crew.  See the original artwork at DeviantArt.

 

The 3D modeler with the unfortunate handle "EbolaRocks08" created this Nautilus in Sketchup.  The designer leaves convention behind, equipping the raised spar with an explosive-filled torpedo, not unlike the Civil War era David torpedo boats and Hunley submarine.  Only slightly less original, the deck has two retractable gun turrets based on R.S. Noah's real submarine gun turret patent.  The cigar-shaped hull has an octagonal cross-section and fore and aft dive planes.  In addition to a Goff-inspired salon window, the design has a row of small ports amidships.  A large four-bladed propeller is protected by a cylindrical shroud just forward of a large rudder.  The low octagonal, slope-sided wheelhouse has a narrow rectangular port on each side.  The railings on the wide deck fold down for a clean deck when the turrets are withdrawn or to widen the guns field of fire when in use on the surface.  There are four hatches atop the hull, one just forward of the wheelhouse, two on the deck forward and aft of the central turret, and one aft of the deck.  This is the "modernised" version of the design.  There is a steampunk version with smokestacks and air intakes that are sealed but not retracted when submerged.  We can think of it as the Victorian version of a diesel submarine, with steam power used on the surface and to charge the batteries and electric power used submerged.  This Nautilus is available at the 3D Warehouse.
(Thanks to Ishmael for pointing out this design.)  

After rereading 20,000 Leagues under the Sea, Josef Keller decided to scratch build a Nautilus that followed the description in the novel.  Joe's latest effort has a spindle-shaped hull with a heavy, pointed ram bolted to the bow.  There's a large circular salon window approximately amidships, with a smaller port or light a little aft, just forward of the dive plane.  A large five-bladed propeller is mounted on the stern. A heavy keel begins just aft of amidships and provides mounting for the large rudder.  Joe has placed a narrow deck atop the hull with a hatch at its forward end, just forward of the diamond shaped wheelhouse that pays homage to Harper Goff.  It has two large canted viewports forward and two smaller ports on the aft sides, true to Verne's description of four ports.  The structure has a subtle extension aft with a hatch, again referencing Goff.  Following the text, the boat is mounted in the deck just aft of the hatch and forward of the lantern structure that has a large forward-facing light.  Joe has located small anchors on the forward hull and placed a dive hatch on the lower port-side hull.  There's a small port or light next to this hatch. See photos of this model at nautilussubmarine (free membership needed) or on this page of Joe's Airbrush Artwork web site with photos of all his models.

Canadian artist Andrew King designed this Nautilus to commemorate the sesquicentennial of the voyage narrated in 20,000 Leagues under the Sea.  He began with the description in the novel and enhanced it with features to "make this a formidable craft worthy of sailing the seven seas with Captain Nemo in command".  He drew inspiration from marine creatures: the hammerhead shark inspired the look of the large forward-located dive planes, the swordfish for the profile, and even the giant squid for the top-down shape.  The vicious ram incorporates a long extension from the thick spindle hull and a heavy saw-tooth fairing that runs up the bow, ending at the smooth arch that protects the wheelhouse.  The mirrored fairing on the lower hull is smooth and extends almost to the diving hatch dome amidships.  One of the drawings describes this as bottom rest.  The narrow and smooth side fairings continue only as far as the wide dive planes that are positioned far forward.  The large salon windows are forward of amidships.  There's a large stationary wheelhouse with two forward facing floodlights on top.  A long deck extends aft from here.  The boat is mounded in the deck amidships just forward of the main hatch. Horizontal stabilizers, smaller than the dive planes, but of similar shape extend from the aft hull.  A vertical fairing begins a little aft of the where the spindle narrows and extends to the large, abstractly fishtail-shaped rudder.  The four-bladed propeller is protected by a short cylindrical ring.  Divers leave the submarine from a hatch in the spherical chamber on the lower hull, their way illuminated by two downward-facing lights.  Although Andrew King intentionally avoided existing designs, I see some very subtle hints of Harper Goff in this Nautilus.  
     See much more about this Nautilus at King's 20,000 Leagues under the Sea web site.  Read his thoughts about the novel, look at his many illustrations, including the interior arrangements, and maybe purchase a print, or one of his books that feature the many illustrations he's done for the novel.

Josef Keller refitted his Mysterious Island scratch-built Nautilus (above) to better match the 1961 film Harryhausen design.  Joe has extended the hull and added an after deck level on the extension.  He's also extensively re-done the flying arch structure, made some changes to the ram, the salon window and the lower hull.  Overall this is a very nice design.  Like many of his models, this one is now refitted with a lamp base so that all the ports can be illuminated.  See photos of this model (and one of the original model) at nautilussubmarine (free membership needed) or on this page of Joe's Airbrush Artwork web site with photos of all his models.

 

Here's a Nautilus design that closely follows Jules Verne's description, avoiding all elaborations, with only a minor technical adjustment.  Macy VanDeusen spent three months scratch-building this 1/77 scale model.  The design has a spindle-shaped hull with a relatively small wheelhouse at the forward end of the deck.  There is a large hatch aft of the wheelhouse and forward of the boat, which is set into the hull.  The lantern housing at the aft end of the deck is similarly sized to the wheelhouse, as described in the novel.   The wheelhouse lacks an aft port for the valid consideration that the lantern shining into such a port would be blinding.  As per the novel, the prow is sharpened into a triangular ram (not noticeable in my graphic).  The salon windows have an oval-cornered oblong shape and the rectangular dive planes are located amidships.  The large rudder is attached to a vertical fairing that extend from the tapered stern.  VanDeusen admits to being a little lazy in using a 3D-printed five-bladed Goff propeller from David McCamant rather than the four-bladed prop described in the novel.  See photos of this model at nautilussubmarine (free membership needed).
     Lyle Simoneaux has made Macy's Nautilus available as a small 3-D printed model at Shapeways.  Read about the process at nautilussubmarine.

Paul Kreutzer went to Verne's description, to 19th century naval warfare technology, and to  designers like Ron Miller and Jean Gagneux to create this Nautilus.  The hull is spindle-shaped with a hefty, triangular cross-section ram at the bow.  The oblong salon window is positioned about a third of the way back and has a searchlight positioned just above it.  Kreutzer has placed small, fixed canards just forward of the dive planes to protect them during attacks.  The keel, of Verne's dimensions, extends slightly below the lower hull.  There is a large vertical stabilizing fin on the lower aft hull, forward of the small rudder, and a smaller one on the upper hull above the rudder.  Similarly shaped horizontal stabilizers are located on the sides.  The stabilizer fins provide some protection for the four-bladed propeller during attacks.  The diving hatch is positioned on the lower hull, just below the lantern, which provides a beacon for divers returning in the dark depths.  The wheelhouse, with ports on each of its five sides, withdraws vertically so that it is flush with the raised deck, its forward ports still clear for navigation.  The boat is set into the deck amidships, forward of the main hatch.  Not evident in the graphic, Kreutzer conceives a unique design for the lantern, with the lighting element located well below the deck and focused by a system of mirrors and lenses in the housing, which can be rotated flush with the deck.
     Paul Kreutzer has provided an illustrated narrative on the analysis behind this design.  Read it here. 

3-D modeler "bakarsinan10" visualizes the Nautilus as a modernized but still recognizable variation on the classic Goff design.  The Goff raker fairings, fins and tail are here part of the hull and realized by extending hull panels horizontally or vertically, resulting in a more angular appearance, reminiscent of the F-117 stealth fighter.  The grating on the salon windows is more elaborate and the same pattern is used for the lights around the windows and the ports on the integrated wheelhouse.  The salon windows themselves are set back in the hull rather than extending from it.  The propulsion system is very modern, consisting of turbines on each side of the lower forward hull and a slightly different turbine with a set of propellers in the tail.  See the 3-D model at Turbosquid.

 

The Nautilus in the game The Pirate: Plague of the Dead from Home Net Games at first glance looks like Goff's classic.  Besides apparently riding higher in the water (in some views the side fairings are at the surface), a closer look reveals many significant differences.  The wheelhouse has no ports but instead a heavy periscope.  The deck is very narrow with no obvious hatches; a rotating heavy cannon is positioned approximately where Goff placed the aft hatch.  The dorsal fin is wider and heavier, possibly designed to protect the cannon when ramming.  The salon window, half visible in some screenshots, is heavily armored and may not be a window at all.  In keeping with the description that accompanied its introduction to the game, this Nautilus is configured for heavy battle.  None of the screen shots I've seen show the submarine below the surface so I've left unseen areas off my image.  See this Nautilus on the surface with the announcement of its introduction.
(Thanks to Brennan Rasmusson who pointed out this design.)

~ 2018 ~

Inspired by the movie back before much information was available about Harper Goff's Nautilus, Lyle Simoneaux began a poster-board model around 1980, his third try.  The other two are lost, but he recently rediscovered the incomplete model and finally finished it.  Rather than trying to correct inaccuracies, he retained the simplicity and naïveté of the model when he added the missing parts, resulting in a unique homage to Harper Goff.  There's another nod as well, this one to Josef Keller in the lamp finial adopted for the the ram.  Read Lyle's story about the model and see photos of the unfinished and finished model at nautilussubmarine (free membership needed). 

Designer and illustrator Yasmin Ayumi designed this Nautilus for a Mundo Estranho (Strange World) article.  The cutaway illustration shows the design follows the text of the novel fairly closely.  The hull is cylindrical with conical ends.  The triangular ram has the form of dart head on a somewhat slender spar.  The large circular salon windows are positioned consistent with the text and the large dive planes are mounted amidships and low on the hull. The four-bladed props matches the text but, oddly, there is no rudder.  The pentagular wheelhouse, located near the forward end of a raised deck, has five large viewports, two angled forward, one on each side and one facing aft.   The boat is mounted inverted aft of the wheelhouse, just forward of a small deck hatch, which is just forward of a large lantern housing with a single forward-facing searchlight.  The cutaway shows the diving hatch on the lower aft hull, close to the transition from cylinder to cone.  See Yasmin's illustrations in Rodrigo Vieira's Portuguese article here. 

 

This Nautilus, designed by by Russian artist Asamat Baltaev,  appears on the first of four limited edition coins released by the Czech Mint to commemorate the works of Jules Verne.  The design has a ram with a narrow spar on the bow of the squat, three-part, cigar-shaped hull.  The center part of the hull is more or less rectangular but sculpted with three large windows protected by a simple grate.  The aft part resumes the interrupted spindle shape and ends with a small four-bladed propeller protected by a narrow vertical and horizontal tail.  The forward part features small dive planes and upper  fairing slightly reminiscent of Goff's rakers.  The fairing transitions to a deck that extends to the aft hull.  The wheelhouse appears to have a large globular window on its forward end and a round port on either side.  There is a cicular hatch atop the structure and another in the center of the deck forward of the dorsal fin that is surely inspired by Goff.  Read about the coin and see images of both sides here.
(Thanks to Lyle Simoneaux who pointed out this design.)

  

For this scratch-built Nautilus Josef Keller decided to follow (mostly) the text of Verne's novel.  The hull has a cylindrical cigar shape with a fairly long, triangular cross-section ram at the bow.  Neither the wheel house, at the forward end of the deck, or the lantern, aft, are retractable but instead are protected by substantial fairings.  The wheelhouse has a circular port on each side and one aft, and a large rectangular port looking forward.  Nemo's boat is embedded in the deck amidships and the main hatch is just aft.  The lantern housing has openings on each side and forward.  Joe has embellished the oblong salon window with five spotlights and added a protective guard just forward of the midships dive plane.  The keel is broken below the planes only for practical reasons.  Like Joe's other models, this one is illuminated by a lamp inserted through the keel.  Almost invisible in my graphic, the dive hatch is located on the lower side of the hull just aft of the break.  The keel melds with the vertical fin on the stern.  The opening in the fins mounts the rudder and provides an opening for the four-bladed prop.  Graceful triangular horizontal fins complete the design.   See photos of the model at nautilussubmarine (free membership needed) or on this page of Joe's Airbrush Artwork web site with photos of all his models.

 

Writer, director and SFX artist Brett Piper built this Nautilus model for an animated 20,000 Leagues under the Sea.  The first impression is of a large fish or aquatic animal.  A closer look reveals considerable ornate metal work embellishing the high-mounted, tusk-like spar, the eye-like salon window,  the four smaller portholes along the side of the hull, and the vertical tail fins.  The function of the structures on the elevated deck is uncertain.  Compared to the ladder on the side they may be a large hatch and a lookout platform or an embedded boat and a hatch.  The forward one may even be a retracted wheelhouse.  The tail has a small three-bladed prop.   See animations of this Nautilus at Vimeo here and here.

 

An inspired teacher and modeler,  Lyle Simoneaux has re-imagined the 1954 View-Master Nautilus (see above) and began a fascinating discussion about this Nautilus at NautilusSubmarine.com (free membership required) featuring several different interpretations with plans and illustrations.  This is Lyle's version, modeled in TinkerCAD.  He's retained the double row of saw teeth that border the deck but added some detail to the sides of the hull which he rendered cigar-shaped as pictured in the original art.  He's added features to the stern, which is either not shown or very simply presented in the View-Master package and reels.  He's extended the side fins and stern planes and placed a row of port holes just above as well as some deck details. New vertical fins include a rudder and there's also a prop, not visible in the image here.  Lyle's redesigned stern reminds me of a 50s rocket ship.  See photos of this 3-D-printed and painted model at NautilusSubmarine. 

Wayne Orlicki envisioned the View-Master Nautilus this way.  He presents a sleek, modified spindle-shaped hull with the structures on each side slightly reduced in size.   He's added a graceful tail that incorporates a large rudder and paddle-shaped dive planes.  There are dual four-bladed propellers, one on each side of the lower stern.  Not visible in the illustration here, there is a wide, nearly flat deck between the saw-tooth fins and extending to the tail.  See Wayne's detailed five-view plans at this NautilusSubmarine posting (free membership needed). 

 

Participating  in the extended discussion at NautilusSubmarine,  Lyle Simoneaux interpreted the View-Master Nautilus again, this time staying close to the features shown on the reels.  The lower stern is not shown in any images, so this area is open to speculation.  Lyle has added dual four-bladed propellers, each with a fairing just forward, and moved the dive planes down to either side of the rudder from their assumed positions on the horizontal fins.  Some of the View-Master images of the sub on the surface show a but narrow conning tower or sail.  Lyle's included this sail on one version of the sub.  Both versions (with sail and without) are realized in TinkerCAD with some features thickened to permit 3-D printing of a small model.  See images of this Nautilus at and explanations of the design at NautilusSubmarine (yes, free membership needed). 

Josef Keller looked at the plans and CG interpretations of the View-Master Nautilus at NautilusSubmarine, and scratch-built this beautiful model.  He incorporated the sail with its full complement of masts as seen in the reels.  It's not retractable as the original appears to be but it is removable to match the underwater appearance in the reels.  There are a few small differences from the other interpretations; the vertical fin and rudder differ, as does the shape of the hull, and the dive planes/horizontal fins are above the dual props rather than astern.  Removing the deck hatch reveals interior details, and there are crew figures behind the glass on the side structures that Joe has interpreted as pilot stations.  See photos of this Nautilus at  NautilusSubmarine (free membership) and on Joe's Airbrush Artwork web site. 

Snow-Monster" created a poster for 20,000 Leagues under the Sea featuring this Nautilus.  The design has a somewhat stubby cigar-shaped hull with a long pointed ram.  The wheelhouse features large round ports on the sides and and two more probably slanted forward.  The dive planes are located forward and the salon window almost amidships and high on the hull.  There are two fins amidships on the top and bottom of the hull that mimic the trapezoidal rudder.  See Snow-Monster's original artwork at DeviantArt.

 

This printable 3D design by "Mateo Rz" has a cigar-shaped hull but diverges from Verne by adding what looks like lots of glass.  Mateo's Nautilus has a hefty conical ram, and a salon window surrounded by lights, surely inspired by Goff.  The pilothouse has an elongated dome at its forward end.  What appear to be two observation domes are on the upper hull aft of the pilothouse and forward of a mysterious array of hexagonal structures, where Goff located the dingy.  What may be six large windows take up much of the forward hull. There's another mysterious weave structure on the sides of the aft hull just forward of the four-bladed propeller.  The after part of the stern fairing around the prop is probably the rudder but there are no dive planes.  All-in-all, this is a visually interesting if impractical-for-ramming sub.  You can view and download Mateo's Nautilus at Tinkercad..

This is artist Eric Kowalick 's take on the Nautilus.  He elaborated on Verne's "utilitarian" description ending up with a sea monster that, as he says, resembles a prehistoric pteraspis.  The slightly downturned ram features vicious Goff-homage rakers.  The large eyelike light at the base of the ram would make for a terrifying sight as the Nautilus bore down on its target.  The  low-profile wheelhouse atop the hull is scarcely higher than the ridges that run aft to a slim dorsal fin.  The hull has several fishlike features including fins that might serve as dive planes.  There is a relatively small Goff-like window below the forward fins and a much larger polygonal salon window amidships.  The large spiral propeller si similar to some others in the catalog. See Kowalick's original artwork at DeviantArt.

Roman and Rose Ceano have imagined a fish-shaped Nautilus, very much like Monturiol's Ictineo.  There is a short but sturdy ram on the centerline and near the bow a more-or-less hemispherical wheelhouse.  From there the hull slopes up to its cylindrical center section.  There is a boat (not visible in this graphic) embedded in the hull at the forward end of this section and a possibly retractable hemispherical lantern at the aft end.  The hull tapers in from here, but a wide fairing extends aft to support the tall fish-tail rudder.  A large prop is mounded below the centerline forward of the rudder.  The hull has a large keel and a tall, rectangular salon window (on the port side only).
     Ceano has created a back story for this Nautilus:   Cyrus Smith is the leader of the Civil War balloonists who are marooned on Lincoln Island and meet the aged Captain Nemo in Jules Verne's Mysterious Island.  What if, in addition to the diamonds Nemo gave him, he also brought back documents about the Nautilus?   Read Ceano's very short story about the this possibility, with illustrations, here.

Illustrator Bruce Richardson included this design in a 20,000 Leagues under the Sea poster.  The poster depicts the Nautilus enwrapped by a squid's arms so some of the details in my graphic are speculative.  The design has a sleek, speedboat-like aspect, but the size of the Goff-inspired salon window shows the true scale.  The upper and lower bow have some long barbs that are probably repeated along the sides.  The notch in the lower hull calls to mind Goff's keel with its discontinuity for the divers' hatch.  It isn't clear in the graphic but this Nautilus appears to have a hatch there as well, on the aft slope of the notch.  The aft portion of Goff's deck and dorsal fin appears here as a swept-back bulwark.  The fishtail, also swept back, enhancing the speedy look, is clearly Goff.  See the original poster artwork here.

  

The Anderson Design Group 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea poster, by Derek and Joel Anderson, features this Nautilus.  The rakers running up the bow and maybe some other features can be attributed to Goff, but the diamond-shaped hull and the rest of the design are original.  The spar seems flimsy, especially compared to the solidity of the rest of the submarine.  The lower part of the hull has an organic, bumpy, cellular texture.  The upper forward part is armor plate, but the aft part has a more or less organic pattern.  There's a large salon window with sets of three smaller ports above it and a light that may be moveable just aft and below it.  An oval deck with a low rail is located atop the hull.  The design has a large dorsal fin and a fish tail but no propulsion or dive planes are visible.  See and maybe purchase the poster on the Anderson Design Group website.

Concept Artist and illustrator Marta Medina posted several variations of a steampunk submarine at ArtStation.  Although they have a sort of Jasper Morello look, to me they seem fragile, inspired by fairy shrimp or mayflies.  They have saw tooth rakers that might do damage to a giant squid's tentacles but they could not stand up to a ships hull.  Any of these might be an explorer's submarine but not the ship of a revenge-seeking warrior.  This is the most substantial of the three, with intricate arch systems at the bow and stern and small sail-like fins amidships.  There's a large round window there with a row of small portholes above.  There is a similar but much smaller window forward, below the smaller arch, and a row of even smaller portholes just aft of it.  The sub has a large propeller but no obvious rudder or dive-planes.  See all three original illustrations at ArtStation.

 

Here's another design by Marta Medina.  This variation appears much more fragile than the first, although the forward-facing barbs on the double arch look viciously sharp.  There's an elaborate system of sail-like fins that could be used for control.  The rounded cone at the base of the stern fin might provide propulsion, but the feature on the bottom of the center hull could be a propeller.  Like the other variations, the hull appears to have three segments that might be articulated.  The middle segment has a large salon window and four smaller spoked portholes.  The forward hull has two similar portholes below a railed deck.  This section may have a very small prop below the portholes.  The aft hull segment has three simple portholes.  See the original artwork at ArtStation.

 

Marta Medina's most elaborate variation appears in two color illustrations.  The forward segment has a glassed in wheelhouse protected by a spiked arch above and below, with two portholes on the side.  The section has a large forward-facing searchlight and a row of smaller light on the lower hull.  The center segment has a large salon window and a smaller porthole fore and aft, and a deck along its length.  The aft segment has three portholes on the main hull and a row of small lights on the lower.  an elaborate sail system probably provides both propulsion and control.  

See the original artwork at ArtStation.

 

 

Tiffany Morineau conceived this organic Nautilus that looks to me very much like an oddly shaped dirigible airship.  It does look like it might be an unusual sea creature, but doesn't appear to be rugged enough for a ram attack.  Morineau has addressed this by including "missiles" that I interpret as torpedoes in the chin of the beast.  She labels the large, apparently glassed structures as sonars.  Perhaps I misunderstand a French idiom, but I see the large upper structure as a large underwater control room, an elaborate wheelhouse, and the smaller lower structure as Nemo's observation room, a replacement for the salon, which, located amidships in the main hull, has no windows.  There is a row of windows on the lower part of this hull, implying perhaps a gallery, but the cutaway does not identify it.  A periscope and radar mast are identified, but other features of the hull remain mysteries.  There are no obvious control surfaces or propellers, but the two features at the stern resemble race car spoilers, and four small circles on the structure protruding from the bottom of the main hull might be part of a propulsion system.  Of course, such an exotic Nautilus might have an even more exotic means of propulsion and control.  

 

 

Lyle Simoneaux has updated the cuttlefish Nautilus he first imagined in the 1990s.  The new design is a concept featuring a single recessed propeller hidden underneath.  The wheelhouse is meant to be retractable, as are the two lanterns (as with the 1990s version). The side rakers are a heavier interpretation of the drill concept - now also suggesting the contour of ocean waves.  The center arch is also heavier, as are the tentacle ridges which blanket the bow.  There is a hatch just behind the wheelhouse.  The salon window is shielded in a circular frame, but no longer has a sliding panel to cover it.  Compare the new design to the original here.

 

Looking to Jules Verne and taking some inspiration from Paul Kreutzer, Josef Keller designed this Nautilus and realized it as a scratch-built 40-inch model.  The design has a cylindrical hull with tapered ends.  There is a triangular ram at the prow and the reinforced extension of the tail cone serves as a sort of reverse ram, a feature that might have helped the Nautilus escape when it was trapped under the Antarctic ice.  The design has a rectangular salon window, dive planes amidships, protected by study fins, and vertical and horizontal fins at the tail protecting the four-bladed prop.  The lower fin supports the rudder.  The divers' hatch on the lower aft hull opens downward and includes stairs and railings.  The raised deck has a wheelhouse with a large forward-looking port and smaller ports on the sides.  Going aft along the deck we see a small round hatch, the boat embedded in the deck, the large main hatch, and a triangular lantern housing with a large, forward-facing light.  Both the wheelhouse and the lantern withdraw into the hull.  When withdrawn, the wheelhouse port provides a view for the steersman, the port protected by a small vertical canard.  The model features such other details as opening hatches with stairs in the main hatch and a ladder in the round one.  See photos of his Nautilus models on this page of Joe's Airbrush Artwork web site.  Photos are also available at NautilusSubmarine (free membership).  (Joe has since modified this Nautilus as described below.)

Demetri Capetanopoulos, a nuclear submarine engineer, has spent considerable effort studying Jules Verne and applying his knowledge of submarines to develop this version of the Nautilus.  The design has a spindle-shaped hull with a heavy triangular ram positioned on the bow above the centerline.  The retractable, five-sided wheelhouse, located at the fore end of the deck, has circular ports on the two forward and port and starboard sides.  The boat, embedded in the deck aft of the main hatch, has a mechanism to assist its launching on the surface.  Just aft of the deck, the lantern has a forward-facing lens and is also retractable.  There are two sets of trapezoidal dive planes, the forward set located on the surface waterline and the larger aft set on the centerline.  There is a large rudder below the stern and a large four-bladed prop positioned as described by Verne.  Capetanopoulos has documented his analysis of the Nautilus in a richly illustrated book, available at Amazon.

Game designer Ian Cooper created this Nautilus as a fictional add-on for his solo World War I war game Raiders of the Deep: U-boats of the Great War, 1914-18.  Cooper's premise is that the Nautilus has survived into the early 20th century and the elderly Captain Nemo is inspired to resume his vendetta against imperialism.  The shape of this Nautilus is generally true to the novel and although Nemo has made some modifications for more modern submarine warfare, its method of attack is still ramming.  Among the modifications is an anti-submarine-net cutter on the bow and a periscope atop a possibly enlarged wheelhouse.  The wheelhouse/conning tower has good sized ports for the helmsman (these may be a lantern) and a row of smaller ports along the side.  The basic Nautilus has a ram set above the centerline and a deck that runs nearly the full length of the boat with an inverted launch amidships just forward of the main hatch.  There are two sets of dive planes on the centerline, one set forward and one far aft.  The large salon window is located a third of the way aft and the design has a large keel.  The stern departs from Verne with dual small propellers set low on the hull in line with the rudder located below the stern very much in keeping with the WW I theme of the game.  You can download Cooper's game add-on with a nice graphic of the Nautilus as a pdf or jpg at BoardGameGeek (free membership required).
(Thanks to Ron Freda who pointed out this design.)

~ 2019 ~

Thierry Claveau (mactiti) sticks close to Verne's text with this Nautilus (I hope I got his name right).  The wheelhouse and lantern are positioned per the novel, although the wheelhouse has only three ports.  The boat is positioned amidships in the deck just forward of the hatch.  The salon window is located consistent with the text but there is also a row of five smaller ports along the hull.  The design has a large four-bladed propeller with a good-sized rudder mounted below the hull, just forward of the prop.  Rather than a single set of dive planes amidships, this Nautilus has planes fore and aft.   See Claveau's Nautilus at the Thingiverse.

 

IJNRedshirt drew on the Winans cigar ships and the Bayou St. John submarine hulk as well as the novel and and the original illustrations for this design.  The hull is cigar-shaped with a visible keel.  The relatively small salon window on the forward hull is fitted with protective shutters (modeled after the New Ironsides gun ports).  Dive planes are located amidships as in the novel just above the dive chamber that has a hatch on side of the lower hull.  The raised deck has very large scuppers, making it more of a platform.  The low wheelhouse at the forward end has at least four small viewports.  There's a hatch halfway between it and the boat, located amidships.  A forward-facing lantern is near the aft end of the deck.  Not visible in the graphic, the designer mentions blow-off valves that make the waterspouts described in the novel and his own addition of skegs on the keel to keep the sub steady when sitting on the sea floor.  See the original artwork at DeviantArt. 

Josef Keller decided to make changes to one of his scratch-built Nautilus models (above) to look like this.  The new wheelhouse and lantern are enough to qualify as a new design.  It has a cylindrical hull with tapered ends and a triangular ram at the prow.  There is a rectangular salon window with a small port or light above it, dive planes amidships protected by study fins, and vertical and horizontal fins at the tail protecting the four-bladed prop.  The lower fin supports the rudder.  The raised deck has a somewhat diamond-shaped wheelhouse protected by a graceful double arch.  The wheelhouse has two round ports looking forward, something like Goff's, and slightly smaller ports on the sides.  Aft along the deck are a round hatch, the boat, inverted and embedded in the deck, the rectangular main hatch, and a hemispherical lantern housing.  Not obvious in my graphic, there is a diver's hatch on the lower hull in line with the lantern.  The arch extends forward on the bow as a simple fairing and there are similar fairings on the hull side running almost to the salon window.  See photos of this and his other models on this page of Joe's Airbrush Artwork web site.  Photos and an explanation of the changes and riveting technique are posted at NautilusSubmarine (free membership).

This ornamented Nautilus by "Moosiki", with its very large domes, is built more for exploration than combat, though the upper prow might serve as a ram.  The designer call sit a redesign, so we may consider a reformed Nemo, having found peace, building a new Nautilus dedicated only to exploring and enjoying the sea.  The ornate bow evokes the open mouth of a giant camouflaged sea creature or perhaps, consistent with a reformed Nemo, simply a plant reverse-camouflaged not to be eaten.  There is a circular port where we'd expect the salon window but this is hardly noticeable relative to the huge globular domes of what must be a large gallery with views in all directions.  There are many, much smaller, rectangular windows, indicating that this is a truly large, multi-decked vessel.  The stern has a cruciform tail with dive planes in the horizontal fins, and similar control surfaces the vertical fins.  The actual large, Hunley-like rudder is aft of the propeller, which is hidden in a protective ring.   See the original artwork at DeviantArt.

 

This design appears in the Yorushika video "Nautilus", a haunting, if rather sad, song in Japanese.  The video, created by MORIE Inc., lists Kazuki Matoba, Naoto Tomita, Kei Kidera, and Marie Shirai as modelers.  It's likely that one of more of these artists designed this Nautilus.  The Nautilus appears as an airship in the video but the name and its appearance make it appropriate for the catalog.  The more or less cigar-shaped hull has a polygonal cross-section,  similar to the Goff classic but with more sides.  There is a long spar with a conical ram.  Besides the globular salon window set low on the hull, there's a similarly-shaped, smaller port on the forward upper hull and three portholes along the lower hull.  There are no dive planes but the features on the lower aft hull might provide this control.  For an airship they might be jets with a simple grill protecting the compressor.  As a submarine, these could be turbine impellers.  The design also has a large five-bladed propeller at the stern and a D-shaped rudder attached to the lower vertical fin.  There is a gracefully-shaped fin atop the stern.  The views of the Nautilus in the video are from below so the features on raised deck are mostly hidden and speculated here.  The wheelhouse may be spherical with two large facing-facing ports.  You can see the video on YouTube.  The Nautilus appears about three minutes in.
(Thanks to Una who pointed out this Nautilus.)

Modeler Josef Keller has built another Nautilus model more or less true to the novel.  The design has a cigar-shaped hull with a ram reinforced by a system of ribs on the bow.  The upper rib incorporates a slim arch to the top of the Goff-shaped wheelhouse, which has two large navigation ports forward and smaller ports on the sides.  Immediately aft on the raised deck is a large rectangular main hatch, a launch that swings over the side with a mechanism similar to the last one described on my Nautilus Dinghy page, and a smaller circular hatch.  There's a prism-shaped lantern with a forward facing lamp at the aft end of the deck.  The deck has a low bulwark not shown well in my graphic as it would likely obscure the hatches.  The stern has a large fishtail, reminiscent of Goff's, the rudder, and a large centerline-mounted, four-bladed prop.  Along the side, the hull has a long fairing that ends just forward of the large salon window.  The dive plane is located amidships aft of the window.  A horizontal fin is located farther aft on the stern.  A diver's hatch with integral stair is set in the lower hull between the dive plane and the fin.  See photos of this Nautilus at Nautilussubmarine.

Andrew Lewis drew inspiration from Ian Williams and RocktManTan for his Nautilus deign, but it was mostly driven by his desire to match the salon windows to the salon walls.  This led him to change the internal layout although the exterior remains reasonably close to Verne's description.  The hull is spindle-shaped with a cylindrical midsection.  The retractable wheelhouse, the top of which can rotate 45 degrees side-to-side for better visibility, and lantern are each two meters in diameter.  Rather than amidships, the dive planes are at the stern, symmetrical with the two-part rudder.  Internally, the large windows are located in an observation room forward of the salon.  There are many other interior changes, including an airlock chamber to facilitate launching the dinghy.  I've presented his 70-meter design here.  Andrew has also designed 60- and 80- meter versions with additional interior variations.  You can find the original artwork, including the interior layout at DeviantArt.  The 60- and 80-meter versions are here and here.

For a concept design school project Feilong Yang decided to create a new design for the Nautilus based loosely on the description in the novel and drawing inspiration form the catalog.  He "went for an alien-esque appeal that drew on some features from various sea life, including whales, armored fish, goblin sharks as well as the submarine's namesake mollusk".  The overall shape is organic with armored sea creature, shell-like hull plating.  The high-mounted ram projects over the main bridge, which has five large oval ports.  There appears to be a smaller surface bridge just above the ram.  The large salon window is located just aft of the main bridge.  There are small dive planes on the hull sides forward of amidships and twin propellers mounted on small fins on the tail.  The tail has several other fin projections and a large rudder on the lower fin.  The dinghy, with some features as a tribute to Harper Goff's skiff, is located in a hatch-covered compartment atop the hull just forward of the lantern housing.  You can see the original Nautilus artwork here on Feilong's school's website, and a couple of interior cutaways here and here.

This one-of-a-kind LEGO Nautilus was released to the collectables market for the 65th anniversary of the Disney film.  Erik Varszegi is credited as the Lead Model Designer.  The design clearly evokes Goff's iconic design, but besides the unavoidable LEGO chunkiness, it has several significant variations.  The pointed ram is shorter than Goff's.  The raker teeth are sparser on the top and sides and omitted on the bottom.  Vents have been added between the teeth on the side rakers.  The dive hatch amidships in the keel is missing, but a new hatch is positioned atop the wheelhouse.  There are gaps in the side fairings where the Goff Nautilus has dive planes but no planes in this design.

~ 2021 ~

Images of this Nautilus from the game Verne: The Shape of Fantasy may have appeared late in 2020 although the game was not available for years.  The design most resembles the Nautilus from the League of Extraordinary Gentlemen graphic novel but shows many differences on examination.  The graphic novel design might be described as a giant squid atop a submarine; this one could be called a giant octopus captured by a sub.  There is a very large plow-shaped ram (with an octopus sculpture) on the bow.  Many tentacles with downward facing lights and evenly spaced portholes are positioned to present a trapped monster.  There are at least five main decks and a pilothouse on the forward deck and a conning tower with periscopes and other equipment farther aft.   The aft end of the deck resembles the carapace of some sea creature.  The main deck has a long rectangular view port and a large circular one.  There are two sets of dive planes near the centerline aft.  The stern, with several searchlights, encloses a rather small four-stage propeller and a woefully inadequate rudder.  What might be an enormous searchlight or viewport is located on the lower hull, amidships.

 

 

 This Nautilus, posted by "VentosMentos" evokes the Goff classic with its saw-tooth rakers and arch, salon window and split keel. It features a set of two dive planes on the side rakers forward of the salon window, another on the aft hull, one more on the stern just forward of the dual propeller, and another set at the bottom of the keel, fore and aft of the rectangular split. The wheelhouse is larger than Goff's and more rectangular. There's no flat deck and several semi-cylindrical structures atop the hull and fore and aft of the salon windows. The design has an odd, apparently split rudder and a small, somewhat fragile (compared to the heavy rakers) cruciform spar. You can see two images of this Nautilus on Reddit.

 

 Kentaro Kameda visualized this Nautilus for a personal project.  At first glance, the design shows a resemblance to the Sword of the Ocean Nautilus from the League of Extraordinary Gentlemen film, but considerably scaled back.  The shape of the bow is different but features similar scrollwork and the overall profile has similarities.  However, a perspective view shows that the hatchet-shaped bow is narrow but the aft two thirds of the hull is essentially cigar shaped.  The lower aft hull has a notch for the diver's hatch that calls to mind Goff's classic design.  There is a conning tower with a windowed pilothouse at its forward end.  The large circular salon window bears some resemblance to Goff's.  The stern, decorated with more scrollwork, has a five-bladed propeller and horizontal fins but no obvious rudder.  Searchlights are position on the bow, stern and below the salon window. 

 

Artist/hobbyist Mark Corderoy offered his take on the unseen hull of the Nautilus featured in the 2005 Hallmark Channel production of Mysterious Island, featured here in the catalog.  Besides showing a spindle-shaped hull with a large propeller and rudder, he's added a few minor features to the superstructure and a wide flared extension to the bow, not obvious in the small side view image here.  There appears to me to be spotlights on either side of the salon window and a small porthole in the bow.  The concept includes a divers' hatch under the salon.  See the original artwork at DeviantArt.

 

 

This fishlike Nautilus was realized by MEZCO as a model included with their Captain Nemo action figure.  At first view it appears to be a minisub but a cutaway drawing provided with the set shows that the large round port that looks in on what is identified as the main bridge is actually twenty feet or more in diameter.  Another drawing reveals that the corkscrew ram telescopes to a quarter its length and the saw-tooth rakers atop the bridge arch and on the hull below it retract. There is a row of ports on the lower hull and the tail fins are identified as rudders.  Otherwise there is no sign of dive planes, a propeller or an alternate method of propulsion.  See some photos of this design at nautilussubmarine (free membership required).  See more photos via links to Flickr in later posts here and here.

 

Greg Merkle conceived this sleek Nautilus following Jules Verne's text, but keeping in mind the technology of the time.  The hull has a modified spindle shape - the ends are upturned to account for the Scotia accident narrative discrepancy that some others have addressed by mounting the ram atop a tapered hull.  The heavy ram itself has the triangular shape of the hole in the Scotia's side.  The design is shown in ramming configuration with the wheelhouse and lantern withdrawn into the deck and the oval salon window cover in place.  The deck itself is not a separate structure but a flattened section of the hull.  Only the cover of the dinghy is visible amidships in this configuration.  Consistent with protecting the operation of the Nautilus in an attack, the dive planes have a heavy guard on their forward end and the propeller is housed within an armored cylinder.  The long apparatus visible on the aft upper hull is a folding mast for the trawling nets that Aronnax mentions in the novel.  A single anchor is visible under the bow. The mechanism under the aft hull is a propeller-type ship's log to measure speed.  The large rectangular features on the sides of the aft hull is a copper radiator.  At the speeds Nemo claims for the Nautilus the propulsion system would generate considerable heat.  
     Greg has generously provided a full explanation of his of his Nautilus, both exterior and interior.  Read it here. 

~ 2022 ~

This Nautilus by concept artist and illustrator Jakub Chelstowski is a modern take with its conning tower and dual propellers.  Its diamond-shaped ram keeps to Verne and the saw-tooth rakers and spike and the bottom of the bow lend lethality to ram attacks. There appears to be a wheelhouse with large viewports just forward of the conning tower so gallery atop the tower may be for observation only.  A hatch at the back of the tower opens onto a long, two-level deck.  The hull narrows at the stern with small dive planes at about the level of the props.  The rudder is mounted at the aft end of the large trapezoidal fin on the lower hull.  The poser system is complex with three intakes and three exhaust assemblies port and starboard on the hull above the fin. There are similar intakes at the bow.  Instead of a salon window this Nautilus has a line of rectangular windows on the upper hull forward of the power section.  See the original artwork on DeviantArt.

 

Concept artist Keith Christensen designed this Nautilus for an old film project.  There's a little bit of Verne in the organic hull shape.  I can almost see a whale's head in the far aft placement of the salon window.  The bow is fairly vicious with lower raker barbs and and an upper secondary ram.  The wheelhouse with a globular window on each side is set atop the hull amidships.  A narrow vertical fin aft of the wheelhouse may be intended to inflict more damage in a ramming attack.  The fin arches over the stern to incorporate a double rudder aft of a fairly large propeller.  Christensen's two slightly different bow-on views in his artwork show downward angled fins that could incorporate diving planes on the aft hull.  See the original artwork on ArtStation.

 

This Nautilus, very similar to the previous design, was also done by Keith Christensen for the same project, and is part of the same artwork.  To me, the hull is more shark-like with the salon windows much farther forward, protected by a brow-like overhang that flares outward.  The bow incorporates a narrower ram with barbs on the upper and lower hull.  There are searchlights on either side of the bow.  The wheelhouse with its two windows is like that of the other design but the structure extends farther aft.  The vertical fin is similar bout less pronounced in this design and transitions to a single but larger rudder.  The propeller is smaller.  There is a pronounced keel amidships but neither the side view nor the two front views show any horizontal fins or drive planes.  This second design is seen in the same artwork at ArtStation.

 

Designed for tabletop gaming this Nautilus from James Gilmer, owner of TheByzantineMage, is built on the theme of a nautilus sea creature.  The bow, aft section, and stern mimic a nautilus shell and the upper hull mimics nautilus tentacles.  Rather than a ram, the submarine has a raker arch.  There's a large blister window on either side of the wheelhouse and similar, smaller windows below it on the lower hull.  Propulsion is provided by a scroll-like paddlewheel in the lower stern, just forward on a rudder that again mimics the nautilus shell.  

 

 

Robert Blanda (Cybertenko) used an AI to design this Nautilus and then reworked the design to meet his specific criteria.  The design, with the hydrodynamic shape of a fish, while not conforming line for line with the description in the novel, has many of the features Verne described.  Nemo's cabin in the bow, in the head of the fish, has three large view ports.  Just aft, the fish's articulated flippers are used for stabilization and depth control.  The Victorianesque superstructure, which reminds me a little of the Nautilus in Captain Nemo and the Underwater City, incorporates the wheelhouse with three large ports forward, a periscope and snorkel, and the main hatchway on its aft side, a bit like Goff's.  The long deck, which extends all the way to the stern, includes an inset boat and a second, engineering, hatch.  The fish's tail, rather than having fins, is upturned with a transparent globe protecting a rotating searchlight at the tip.  The lower stern has a large rudder and multi-bladed propeller.  There are two diver's hatches about halfway forward and large salon window's just forward of these.   The bow has a wide completely retractable ram where the fish's mouth would be.  The design maintains a nice balance between the intricate organic image produced by the AI and practical considerations consistent with the novel.  See more images of this Nautilus at Renderosity.

~ 2023~

This is artist John E. Kaufmann's visualization of the Nautilus.  As seen in the artist's detailed plan the design closely follows Jules Verne's text.  Like some other designs in the catalog, the long spar is raised above the hull centerline.  The wheelhouse withdraws into the raised deck, but Kaufmann has added ports at the forward end of the deck to provide visibility for the helmsman in the lowered position.  The plan shows that the boat, set into the deck about three-quarters of the way back just aft of the hatch, can be entered through a special hatch while submerged, as described in the novel.  The tall lantern near the end of the deck folds down into a recess, leaving a small section visible resembling some of the original illustrations.  See the detailed plan on the artist's website here, and an underwater impression here.

 

Nekomata (Justin Colley) added steampunk elements to to the Hallmark TV Nautilus for this commissioned design.  With a retracted wheelhouse, this Nautilus has all the features of the TV film but includes prominent ribs and somewhat enlarged ports.  This is a nicely detailed physical miniature (about 2 ¹/₄ inches long) intended for gaming.  See some photos on the NekoDyne Miniatures website.  It's available for purchase at Etsy.

 

 

Benjamin Rinelli designed this Nautilus after reading Merkle's and Kreutzer's discussions.  It is essentially true to Jules Verne's text with a spindle-shaped hull, retractable pilot house and lantern, triangular ram, four-bladed propeller, and other features described in the novel.  And, as Benjamin says in his detailed description, there is even a "happy accident ... evoking Goff’s raker arch".  Read Benjamin's description here.

~ 2024~

This Nautilus, described only as a watercolor with no attribution nor any other identifying information.  The overall profile reminds us of the classic Harper Goff design but differs in almost every detail.  The bow tapers smoothly from a sharp conical ram to a more or less cylindrical hull with flared side fairings and a large keel.  The keel is split, Goff-like, for a dive hatch and then extends far aft.  The lower hull does not taper in order to accommodate relatively small dual propellers.  The stern has fish-like vertical fins that incorporate a rudder.  The side fairings have notches forward that might contain Goff-like dive planes.  A very long deck widens amidships aft of a long wheelhouse that has large ports forward and smaller ports aft, including a row of portholes near the aft end.  There is no arch.   A large fish-like fin amidships dominates the deck forward of a deck hatch.  The circular salon window is set low and far forward on the lower hull, near several portholes.

 

 

Wayne Brant envisioned this Nautilus for a poster. There's not much of Verne but lots of imagination. The overall shape is almost shark-like with a sleeker nose that must taper to a ram. The downward-slanting fins fore and aft might be dive planes and the upward-slanting pair aft might serve as rudders. There appears to be a diving hatch on the lower hull forward of amidships while the larger bulges aft are mysterious. Might they be for observations? The superstructure has a pilothouse with a side hatch forward and a raised deck aft. Oddly, a large crane dominates the deck with a small gun emplacement at the aft end. Unless the narrow oval on the upper hull is a forward-facing port and not an intake of some kind, there's no salon window, instead a set of small portholes. No propeller is visible but the feature in the stern might be a turbine exhaust.

 

Designer Matt Davidson conceived this Nautilus for his graphic novel 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea.  On the surface this design resembles a monstrous fish.  Instead of an arch, the front rakers form an imposing ridge on the monster's skull between wide-set "eyes".  A large hatch opens in the back of the skull onto a broad deck.  Expanding on Goff's articulated breathers just aft of the wheelhouse, this Nautilus has a set mechanical gills for bringing in fresh air that rise across the deck.  Both of these represent a mechanical improvement over Verne's concept of simply opening the hatches to exchange air.  There is a set of dive planes low on the hull forward of the salon window complex.  A rather small screw and rudder are set within the large fishtail stern.  There's no real resemblance, but the placement of round salon window, the diving hatch on the hull bottom, and the large dorsal fin correspond more or less to Goff's although his were farther forward. Overall, this Nautilus has the appearance of the big, dangerous sea monster Verne portrayed.  Follow Matt's graphic novel at Comic Fury.

 

Igor Spajic looked closely at the novel and evaluated features of many other designs to envision this Nautilus.  The cigar shape of the hull is consistent with the text and supports an interior with dimensions described by Verne.  The triangular ram is augmented by serrated fairings on the forward hull.  This is a more subtle approach than used by Goff.  The oblong salon window has external sliding covers for use during a ram attack, and the dive planes, positioned just forward of center, have a fixed leading edge for protection.  The keel has parallel strakes on either side for stability when the Nautilus sits on the ocean floor. The wedge-shaped wheelhouse, with circular ports forward and on both sides, rotates on a front hinge into the hull for ramming.  Not visible in my rendering, Igor has included a low periscope port for navigation in attack configuration.  The long deck, formed by a slight flattening of the upper hull enclosed by a low ridge on either side, encompasses the dingy, two hatches, and the lantern, which retracts below deck level.  The diving hatch, situated in the lower hull aft, has a small lantern above it to facilitate under sea excursions.  A similar lantern, positioned above the salon window aids observations.  The rudder, positioned just aft of the large four-bladed propeller, has a unique configuration. This is Igor's interpretation of the elevation drawing visible in Nemo's lap in one of de Neuville's original engravings.   Read Igor's rationale for this design here.

 

Do you know of a Nautilus design not featured here?  Please e-mail me.

 

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This is very much disputed, but according to Jerry Pavano, Gustav Zédé constructed this interesting model "in collaboration with Jules Verne" in 1868.  Very likely not (Jean Gagneux pointed out the model's resemblance to the submarine Gymnote), but if the date, a year before Verne wrote 20,000 Leagues under the Sea, were accurate, and one applies considerable imagination, this model could almost have been a forerunner to the Nautilus.  Although considerably smaller, it has the cigar shape, the central diving planes, longboat, wheelhouse, lantern, and deck platform of the Nautilus.  The boat is at the aft end of the platform and the lantern is located on a tower just behind the wheelhouse, an arrangement I find especially interesting.  The model also has two metal rings on the deck, apparently on the hatch. Aronnax and his companion castaways clung to just such a ring when the Nautilus deck when it got underway early in the novel.  There are no side windows or ram and the keel is very large relative to the hull.  Jerry wrote an article about this model for the Subcommittee Report many years ago.  
See photos of my scratch-built replica and other views of my 3D Zédé model here.

 

 

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Updated 20 Nov 24